Ecological interpretations of nitrogen isotope ratios of terrestrial plants and soils

Craine, Joseph M.; Brookshire, E. N. Jack; Cramer, Michael D.; Hasselquist, Niles J.; Koba, Keisuke; Marín-Spiotta, E.; Wang, Lixin

doi:10.1007/s11104-015-2542-1

Cited by 479 publications

(479 citation statements)

References 210 publications

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“…Therefore, most biologically active N forms remain in the layer, mainly within cells. Below this peak, both N content and δ N decrease with depth, as reported by Craine et al (2015). The relatively lower values of the upper layers are the results of (i) high C/N ratios of the aboveground plant residuals; (ii) low SOM content, due to intensive cultivation; and (iii) low microbiological activity.…”

Section: Figsupporting

confidence: 67%

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A 300-year record of sedimentation in a small tilled catena in Hungary based on δ13C, δ15N, and C/N distribution

et al. 2018

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Purpose Soil erosion is one of the most serious hazards that endanger sustainable food production. Moreover, it has marked\ud effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) with direct links to global warming. At the same time, soil organic matter (SOM) changes in\ud composition and space could influence these processes. The aim of this study was to predict soil erosion and sedimentation\ud volume and dynamics on a typical hilly cropland area of Hungary due to forest clearance in the early eighteenth century.\ud Materials and methods Horizontal soil samples were taken along two parallel intensively cultivated complex convex-concave\ud slopes from the eroded upper parts at mid-slope positions and from sedimentation in toe-slopes. Samples were measured for SOC,\ud total nitrogen (TN) content, and SOMcompounds (δ13C, δ15N, and photometric indexes). They were compared to the horizons of\ud an in situ non-eroded profile under continuous forest. On the depositional profile cores, soil depth prior to sedimentation was\ud calculated by the determination of sediment thickness.\ud Results and discussion Peaks of SOC in the sedimentation profiles indicated thicker initial profiles, while peaks in C/N ratio and\ud δ13C distribution showed the original surface to be ~ 20 cm lower. Peaks of SOC were presumed to be the results of deposition of\ud SOC-enriched soil from the upper slope transported by selective erosion of finer particles (silts and clays). Therefore, changes in\ud δ13C values due to tillage and delivery would fingerprint the original surface much better under the sedimentation scenario than\ud SOC content. Distribution of δ13C also suggests that the main sedimentation phase occurred immediately after forest clearance\ud and before the start of intense cultivation with maize.\ud Conclusions This highlights the role of relief in sheet erosion intensity compared to intensive cultivation. Patterns of δ13C\ud indicate the original soil surface, even in profiles deposited as sediment centuries ago. The δ13C and C/N decrease in buried in\ud situ profiles had the same tendency as recent forest soil, indicating constant SOM quality distribution after burial. Accordingly,\ud microbiological activity, root uptake, and metabolism have not been effective enough to modify initial soil properties

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confidence: 67%

“…However, generally on a global scale, values in soil vary between -5 and + 12.6‰ (Craine et al 2015). At the landscape scale, in the morphologically deeper positions where temporary water saturation can occur, the proportion of N is generally higher due to increased denitrification activity (Mukundan et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 300-year record of sedimentation in a small tilled catena in Hungary based on δ13C, δ15N, and C/N distribution

et al. 2018

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“…In general, nitrogen in plants comes from soil nitrogen pool (Vallano and Sparks, 2013 (Austin and Vitousek, 1998;Craine et al, 2015). The results in this study show that δ…”

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“…In addition, the results of a past study suggested that δ 15N values of plants and soils became low caused by high rainfall and low temperature at high altitude localities (Mariotti et al, 1980). However, Craine et al (2015) found that δ 15 N became enriched with dropping MAP and ascending MAT as MAT is over -0.5°C. However, the values were stable for MAT lower than -0.5°C.…”

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Stable Nitrogen Isotopic Changes in Winter Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) Induced by its Growth Temperature

Wang¹,

Liu²,

Hao³

2017

American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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The nitrogen dynamics of plants can be quantified using the variation in their δ 15 N level. This reveals details of plant physiological characteristics and the relationship between plants and their growth conditions. To better understand plant nitrogen dynamics and the effects of external temperature changes on their nitrogen isotopic composition, we investigated the δ 15 N characteristics in Triticum aestivum and its mother soils during the plant's life cycle. We found that under field conditions, the plant's leaves and roots δ 15 N significantly changed. The δ 15 N values in Triticum aestivum changed from -1.6‰ to -8.1‰ for leaves and from -2.0‰ to -8.8‰ for roots, respectively. δ15 N values for both, the leaves and roots were positively correlated with temperature. However, the foliar δ 15 N corresponded more strongly to air temperature, while the root δ 15 N corresponded to soil temperature. δ 15 N values of leaf and root both changed around 0.2‰ in response to a 1 degree change in temperature. Plant roots or shoot material cannot reflect the whole plant δ 15 N values due to a considerable difference between the δ 15 N values of root and leaf. However, the variations in leaf and root δ 15 N provide useful proxies to trace seasonal plant nitrogen cycles.

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“…Nitrogen is a nutrient that regulates primary production in most ecosystems (Arbestain et al 2008) and its cycle affects almost all aspects of the functioning of an ecosystem (Vitousek et al 1997;Craine et al 2015). The nitrogen cycle in the ecosystem is complex with several transformations, feedback and interactions with other important biogeochemical elements (LeBauer, Treseder 2008;Thomas et al 2013).…”

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Effect of thinning on the amount of mineral nitrogen

Holík¹,

Rosíková²,

Vranová³

2018

J. For. Sci.

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Holík L., Rosíková J., Vranová V. (2018): Effect of thinning on the amount of mineral nitrogen. J. For. Sci., 64: 289-295.The soil nitrogen cycle and the dynamics of its transformation are closely related to the functioning of the forest ecosystem. This cycle, and the availability of nitrogen as a necessary nutrient in the soil, can be influenced by the process of thinning. The aim of this study is to describe the impact of silvicultural measures on the content of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen in forest soil. Attention is paid to the organic (spruce treatments) and organomineral horizon (beech treatments) in which the transformation of soil nitrogen is most pronounced. Spruce treatments at the Rájec-Němčice area and beech stands at the Březina area, both in the region of Drahanská vrchovina (Czech Republic), were selected for the experiments. Two variants of thinning thinning from below and thinning from above, were performed in the spruce treatments, and thinning from above was performed in the beech treatments. Control variants with no silvicultural measures were defined in both treatments. The amount of ammonium nitrogen in the spruce treatments with thinning from above was in most cases higher than in the other variants. On the contrary, in variant with thinning from below, the ammonium nitrogen content decreased. In terms of the nitrate nitrogen content, the values were generally higher for variants with silvicultural measures than for the control variants. In the beech treatments, the amount of ammonium nitrogen increased and, on the contrary, there was a small decrease in the amount of nitrate nitrogen due to the effect of thinning from above. The differences between thinning from above and the control variants in the beech treatments were less noticeable than in the spruce treatments. Overall, however, it can be said that the nitrogen content available to the vegetation increased. The results of the given experiment provide insight into the trends of nitrogen mineralization intensity in stands in which silvicultural measures are performed.

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Ecological interpretations of nitrogen isotope ratios of terrestrial plants and soils

Cited by 479 publications

References 210 publications

A 300-year record of sedimentation in a small tilled catena in Hungary based on δ13C, δ15N, and C/N distribution

A 300-year record of sedimentation in a small tilled catena in Hungary based on δ13C, δ15N, and C/N distribution

Stable Nitrogen Isotopic Changes in Winter Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) Induced by its Growth Temperature

Effect of thinning on the amount of mineral nitrogen

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