Ecological host fitting of
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              rypanosoma cruzi
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            olivia: mosaic population structure, hybridization and a role for humans in
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            ndean parasite dispersal

Messenger, Louisa A.; Garcia, Lineth; Vanhove, Mathieu; Huaranca, Carlos; Bustamante, Marinely; Torrico, Mary Cruz; Torrico, Faustino; Miles, Michael A.; Llewellyn, Martin S.

doi:10.1111/mec.13186

Cited by 41 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 113 publications

(226 reference statements)

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“…This is similar to that recently proposed at the landscape level [77, 78], rather than the long-standing hypothesis of host or geographical segregation [11]. The present study has analyzed 2,377 data records from the continent from all T. cruzi hosts, using robust modeling methods, and found that despite greater frequency of DTUI reports, which may be related to detection and isolation methods, its potential distribution is majorly sympatric with other DTUs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Geographical, landscape and host associations of Trypanosoma cruzi DTUs and lineages

Izeta-Alberdi¹,

Ibarra-Cerdeña

Moo-Llanes

et al. 2016

Parasites Vectors

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BackgroundThe evolutionary history and ecological associations of Trypanosoma cruzi, the need to identify genetic markers that can distinguish parasite subpopulations, and understanding the parasite’s evolutionary and selective processes have been the subject of a significant number of publications since 1998, the year when the first DNA sequence analysis for the species was published.MethodsThe current analysis systematizes and re-analyzes this original research, focusing on critical methodological and analytical variables and results that have given rise to interpretations of putative patterns of genetic diversity and diversification of T. cruzi lineages, discrete typing units (DTUs), and populations, and their associations with hosts, vectors, and geographical distribution that have been interpreted as evidence for parasite subpopulation specificities.ResultsFew studies use hypothesis-driven or quantitative analysis for T. cruzi phylogeny (16/58 studies) or phylogeography (10/13). Among these, only one phylogenetic and five phylogeographic studies analyzed molecular markers directly from tissues (i.e. not from isolates). Analysis of T. cruzi DTU or lineage niche and its geographical projection demonstrate extensive sympatry among all clades across the continent and no significant niche differences among DTUs. DTU beta-diversity was high, indicating diverse host assemblages across regions, while host dissimilarity was principally due to host species turnover and to a much lesser degree to nestedness. DTU-host order specificities appear related to trophic or microenvironmental interactions.ConclusionsMore rigorous study designs and analyses will be required to discern evolutionary processes and the impact of landscape modification on population dynamics and risk for T. cruzi transmission to humans.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1918-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Geographical, landscape and host associations of Trypanosoma cruzi DTUs and lineages

Izeta-Alberdi¹,

Ibarra-Cerdeña

Moo-Llanes

et al. 2016

Parasites Vectors

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“…There is also an increasing literature on introgressions in the protozoal NTDs leishmaniosis and trypanosomiasis (Miles et al 2009;Messenger et al 2012Messenger et al , 2015. Approximately 30 000 people in 36 countries of sub-Saharan Africa suffer from human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), which is caused by either Trypanosoma brucei gambiense or Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense.…”

Section: Mixed Species Co-infections and Introgressionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

One health - an ecological and evolutionary framework for tackling Neglected Zoonotic Diseases

et al. 2016

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Understanding the complex population biology and transmission ecology of multihost parasites has been declared as one of the major challenges of biomedical sciences for the 21st century and the Neglected Zoonotic Diseases (NZDs) are perhaps the most neglected of all the Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs). Here we consider how multihost parasite transmission and evolutionary dynamics may affect the success of human and animal disease control programmes, particularly neglected diseases of the developing world. We review the different types of zoonotic interactions that occur, both ecological and evolutionary, their potential relevance for current human control activities, and make suggestions for the development of an empirical evidence base and theoretical framework to better understand and predict the outcome of such interactions. In particular, we consider whether preventive chemotherapy, the current mainstay of NTD control, can be successful without a One Health approach. Transmission within and between animal reservoirs and humans can have important ecological and evolutionary consequences, driving the evolution and establishment of drug resistance, as well as providing selective pressures for spill‐over, host switching, hybridizations and introgressions between animal and human parasites. Our aim here is to highlight the importance of both elucidating disease ecology, including identifying key hosts and tailoring control effort accordingly, and understanding parasite evolution, such as precisely how infectious agents may respond and adapt to anthropogenic change. Both elements are essential if we are to alleviate disease risks from NZDs in humans, domestic animals and wildlife.

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“…Studies on eclectic (e.g., ‘host-fitting’ [76]) parasites such as T. cruzi may require that spatial study extent be reduced to scales at which limiting agents emerge. In Loja Province (ca.…”

Section: Figure I (Box 2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction and Prevention of Parasitic Diseases Using a Landscape Genomics Framework

Schwabl

Llewellyn

Landguth

et al. 2017

Trends in Parasitology

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Summary Substantial heterogeneity exists in the dispersal, distribution and transmission of parasitic species. Understanding and predicting how such features are governed by the ecological variation of landscape they inhabit is the central goal of spatial epidemiology. Genetic data can further inform functional connectivity among parasite, host and vector populations in a landscape. Gene flow correlates with the spread of epidemiologically relevant phenotypes among parasite and vector populations (e.g., virulence, drug and pesticide resistance), as well as invasion and re-invasion risk where parasite transmission is absent due to current or past intervention measures. However, the formal integration of spatial and genetic data (‘landscape genetics’) is scarcely ever applied to parasites. Here, we discuss the specific challenges and practical prospects for the use of landscape genetics and genomics to understand the biology and control of parasitic disease and present a practical framework for doing so.

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Ecological host fitting of T rypanosoma cruzi T c I in B olivia: mosaic population structure, hybridization and a role for humans in A ndean parasite dispersal

Cited by 41 publications

References 113 publications

Geographical, landscape and host associations of Trypanosoma cruzi DTUs and lineages

Geographical, landscape and host associations of Trypanosoma cruzi DTUs and lineages

One health - an ecological and evolutionary framework for tackling Neglected Zoonotic Diseases

Prediction and Prevention of Parasitic Diseases Using a Landscape Genomics Framework

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