Ecological-Fishery Forecasting of Squid Stock Dynamics under Climate Variability and Change: Review, Challenges, and Recommendations

Abstract

Globally, cephalopods support large industrial-scale fisheries and small-scale to partly largescale local artisanal fisheries. They are of increasing economic importance as evidenced by the rapid rise in their global landings from 1950 to 2014. Cephalopods are sensitive to environmental variability and climate change and many if not all species show wide fluctuations in abundance. This is most evident in ommastrephid neritooceanic squid since their life cycle is associated with boundary currents that are changing with climate change. The inter-annual variability in catch presents challenges 1 for fishers and managers due to the 'boom-or-bust' nature of the fishery. A key barrier to rational management of squid fisheries is the low level of development of fishery forecasting. Despite substantial progress made in relating squid population dynamics to environmental variability and change, several challenges remain to develop forecast products to support squid fisheries management. Ideally, squid fisheries management needs a forecasting system that includes all time-scales of forecasting, and especially short -and medium-terms forecasts. The present overview first provides current knowledge of the effects of climate change and variability on squid population dynamics, challenges and opportunities to advance ecological-fishery forecast products, and finally a roadmap is proposed for future development of forecasts products to support squid sustainable fisheries management. As for the adoption of specific forecasting methods to the squid fishery management process, what is important is the relationship between needs, feasibility, and the ultimate success of a forecast will be determined by whether it is used by end-users.

Remote sensing and in-situ approach for investigation of pelagic communities in the reservoirs of the electrical power complex

“…There are no such factors in the Oleksandrivske reservoir; therefore, when temperature will rise, there is a high probability of formation of conditions of deep catastrophic oxygen deficiency. There is an analysis of data showing that changes can occur even in oceanic ecosystems [62].…”

The paralarval stage as key to predicting squid catch: Hints from a process-based model

“…There is a long history of modelling relationships between environment and squid catch for the purpose of prediction or forecasting (Moustahfid et al, 2021;Rodhouse et al, 2014). In most of this work, however, the emphasis lies on empirical statistical relationships between stock size (or CPUE) and environmental variables, e.g., temperature (Roberts, 2005;Waluda et al, 2001) or chlorophyll (Jebri et al, 2022).…”

“…However, such trends are difficult to diagnose in the presence of pronounced natural variability in stock size. There is thus an urgent need to understand and predict this variability, and numerous studies have attempted to do this (e.g., Moustahfid et al, 2021;Rodhouse et al, 2014).…”

Enhanced monitoring of life in the sea is a critical component of conservation management and sustainable economic growth

“…These models assimilate broad and near-real-time high-quality observations of physical EOVs (temperature, salinity, sea level, and meteorological observations) [91,92]. This operational capability has lagged for biodiversity and biological observations generally [93][94][95].…”