Ecological correlates of ex situ seed longevity: a comparative study on 195 species

Probert, R. J.; Daws, Matthew I.; Hay, Fiona R.

doi:10.1093/aob/mcp082

Cited by 245 publications

(373 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The presence of W-box and NF-x regulatory ciselements in the promoter regions of IAA regulating genes CYP79B2 and CYP83B1 and the high number of ARFs in the longevity module provide another link between pathogen-related and developmental roles of auxins and offer a new research area for seed biology. Across 195 species, seed longevity is correlated to seed structure and climate origin but not with seed mass and storage composition, with early angiosperms having short-lived seeds in dry storage (Probert et al, 2009). We hypothesize that seed longevity has evolved by co-opting existing genetic pathways regulating the activation of defense against necrotrophic pathogens to ensure prolonged survival in the dry state to be ready for next generations.…”

Section: Link Between Seed Longevity and Genetic Pathways Regulatingmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…These traits rely on the remarkable capacity of seeds to undergo complete desiccation without loss of viability (desiccation tolerance [DT]) and to remain alive for extended periods of time when stored in the dry state (longevity) . While DT is acquired during seed filling, longevity progressively increases during the final phase of seed maturation (Probert et al, 2009;Chatelain et al, 2012). Seed longevity is the ultimate survival mechanism for the plant in order to bridge unfavorable conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inference of Longevity-Related Genes from a Robust Coexpression Network of Seed Maturation Identifies Regulators Linking Seed Storability to Biotic Defense-Related Pathways

Righetti¹,

Vu²,

Pelletier³

et al. 2015

Plant Cell

118

191

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Seed longevity, the maintenance of viability during storage, is a crucial factor for preservation of genetic resources and ensuring proper seedling establishment and high crop yield. We used a systems biology approach to identify key genes regulating the acquisition of longevity during seed maturation of Medicago truncatula. Using 104 transcriptomes from seed developmental time courses obtained in five growth environments, we generated a robust, stable coexpression network (MatNet), thereby capturing the conserved backbone of maturation. Using a trait-based gene significance measure, a coexpression module related to the acquisition of longevity was inferred from MatNet. Comparative analysis of the maturation processes in M. truncatula and Arabidopsis thaliana seeds and mining Arabidopsis interaction databases revealed conserved connectivity for 87% of longevity module nodes between both species. Arabidopsis mutant screening for longevity and maturation phenotypes demonstrated high predictive power of the longevity cross-species network. Overrepresentation analysis of the network nodes indicated biological functions related to defense, light, and auxin. Characterization of defense-related wrky3 and nf-x1-like1 (nfxl1) transcription factor mutants demonstrated that these genes regulate some of the network nodes and exhibit impaired acquisition of longevity during maturation. These data suggest that seed longevity evolved by co-opting existing genetic pathways regulating the activation of defense against pathogens.

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Section: Link Between Seed Longevity and Genetic Pathways Regulatingmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inference of Longevity-Related Genes from a Robust Coexpression Network of Seed Maturation Identifies Regulators Linking Seed Storability to Biotic Defense-Related Pathways

Righetti¹,

Vu²,

Pelletier³

et al. 2015

Plant Cell

118

191

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“…Further recent evidence that the longevity of orchid seeds is poor relative to those of other species can be drawn from the increasingly large body of data on the longevity of orthodox seeds of agricultural and wild species (Walters et al 2005;Kochanek et al 2009;Probert et al 2009;Tuckett et al 2010;Mondoni et al 2011). Much of this data is based on the application of rapid-aging techniques, whereby seeds are stored at elevated temperature and RH, usually at 45Њ or 60ЊC and 60% RH (Newton et al 2009).…”

Section: Orchid Seed Storage Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much of this data is based on the application of rapid-aging techniques, whereby seeds are stored at elevated temperature and RH, usually at 45Њ or 60ЊC and 60% RH (Newton et al 2009). During these controlled aging experiments, seeds are retrieved from storage periodically and assessed for viability, with the longevity of species ranked relative to each other, most commonly via comparing the time for 50% seed viability loss (p 50 ; Probert et al 2009;Tuckett et al 2010;Mondoni et al 2011). This approach assumes that seed aging kinetics at high temperature and RH are the same as those when seeds are stored under cool (e.g., Ϫ20ЊC), dry (e.g., 15% RH) conditions, and although this correlation is yet to be verified because of a scarcity of data from long-term studies (Walters et al 2005), a highly significant relationship has been shown to occur between families aged under standard seed banking protocols and those aged under controlled aging conditions ).…”

Section: Orchid Seed Storage Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex situ Conservation and Cryopreservation of Orchid Germplasm

Merritt

Hay

Swarts

et al. 2014

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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Premise of research. Orchids are among the most enigmatic of plant species. Yet the Orchidaceae comprises more species at risk of extinction than any other plant family. The collection and storage of orchid germplasmprincipally seeds and associated mycorrhizal fungi but also protocorm-like bodies using encapsulation and vitrification techniques-allows for secure ex situ conservation. This article reviews the approaches and techniques used for the ex situ conservation of orchid germplasm, with a focus on seed banking and the use of cryopreservation techniques to improve the longevity of germplasm.Pivotal results. It is increasingly apparent that cryopreservation-the storage of germplasm at ultra-low temperatures (e.g., in liquid nitrogen)-is required for the long-term and low-maintenance conservation of all types of orchid germplasm. For orchid seeds, desiccation tolerance is common, but longevity in storage is poor. Cryopreservation of orchid seeds shows promise, but some complexities in low-temperature storage behavior still require explanation and resolution. The application of more advanced cryopreservation techniques, including encapsulation-dehydration and vitrification, is becoming increasingly common. These techniques provide for the simultaneous storage of orchid propagules with their compatible fungus, while for seeds, vitrification techniques show potential for improving tolerance to the stresses of cryopreservation. Conclusions.A renewed focus on describing the low-temperature storage physiology of orchid seeds to more precisely define the relationship between seed water content, storage temperature, and seed survival is required, as is perhaps the wider adoption of the use of cryoprotectants for seeds. This research, coupled with the development of improved methods of seed viability testing, will support the growing work of germplasm banks to protect orchid biodiversity in the face of habitat loss and potential species extinction.

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“…O conhecimento das diferenças da longevidade das sementes é fundamental para o manejo adequado dos bancos de sementes e, no caso das espécies não cultivadas, particularmente importante, considerando a heterogeneidade genética das populações, e qualquer decréscimo significativo na viabilidade resultará na perda de genótipos dos acessos armazenados (PROBERT et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

ARMAZENAMENTO DE SEMENTES E SOMBREAMENTO NA EMERGÊNCIA E CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DAS MUDAS DE Magonia pubescens A. St.-Hil.

et al. 2015

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RESUMO -A conservação das sementes e a quantidade de luz são fatores importantes para uma boa germinação e produção de mudas de qualidade. Em vista disso, este trabalho avaliou o efeito da embalagem das sementes durante o armazenamento e de diferentes níveis de luz na emergência e crescimento inicial das mudas de timbó (Magonia pubescens St. Hil.). Foram realizados dois experimentos. No primeiro, foi analisado o efeito do armazenamento das sementes em três tipos de embalagem (papel-alumínio, papel e saco plástico de polietileno de baixa densidade) e a duas temperaturas (10 e 25 °C), durante três épocas de armazenamento (30, 60 e 90 dias) e sem armazenamento. No segundo experimento, foi estudado o crescimento inicial das mudas em três níveis de sombreamento (30, 50 e 70%) e a pleno sol. As sementes de M. pubescens germinam melhor quando não armazenadas, com médias de 97%, em comparação com aquelas com 69% após 90 dias de armazenamento. Caso necessário, o armazenamento deve ser realizado em saco plástico na temperatura de 25 °C, por até 90 dias. As mudas apresentaram maior emergência e qualidade quando a semeadura e o crescimento foram realizados sob sombreamento de 50%.Palavras-chave: Conservação de sementes; Crescimento inicial; Cerrado. SEED STORAGE AND SHADING IN EMERGENCY AND INITIAL GROWTH OF

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Ecological correlates of ex situ seed longevity: a comparative study on 195 species

Cited by 245 publications

References 23 publications

Inference of Longevity-Related Genes from a Robust Coexpression Network of Seed Maturation Identifies Regulators Linking Seed Storability to Biotic Defense-Related Pathways

Inference of Longevity-Related Genes from a Robust Coexpression Network of Seed Maturation Identifies Regulators Linking Seed Storability to Biotic Defense-Related Pathways

Ex situ Conservation and Cryopreservation of Orchid Germplasm

ARMAZENAMENTO DE SEMENTES E SOMBREAMENTO NA EMERGÊNCIA E CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DAS MUDAS DE Magonia pubescens A. St.-Hil.

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