Ecogeographical and phylogenetic effects on craniofacial variation in macaques

Ito, Tsuyoshi; Nishimura, Takeshi; Takai, Masanaru

doi:10.1002/ajpa.22469

Cited by 30 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…In particular, the Japanese macaque, Macaca fuscata, expanded its distribution throughout the Japanese Archipelago from subtropical into subarctic zones, which are the highest latitudes inhabited by non-human primates (Fooden, 1980). These ecogeographical features are reflected partly by the broad morphological variations in terms of body size and the shapes of surface features within this genus (Fooden and Albrecht, 1993;Pan and Oxnard, 2000;Ito et al, 2014Ito et al, , 2015.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minor contributions of the maxillary sinus to the air-conditioning performance in macaque monkeys

Mori

Hanida

Kumahata

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

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The nasal passages mainly adjust the temperature and humidity of inhaled air to reach the alveolar condition required in the lungs. By contrast to most other non-human primates, macaque monkeys are distributed widely among tropical, temperate and subarctic regions, and thus some species need to condition the inhaled air in cool and dry ambient atmospheric areas. The internal nasal anatomy is believed to have undergone adaptive modifications to improve the airconditioning performance. Furthermore, the maxillary sinus (MS), an accessory hollow communicating with the nasal cavity, is found in macaques, whereas it is absent in most other extant Old World monkeys, including savanna monkeys. In this study, we used computational fluid dynamics simulations to simulate the airflow and heat and water exchange over the mucosal surface in the nasal passage. Using the topology models of the nasal cavity with and without the MS, we demonstrated that the MS makes little contribution to the airflow pattern and the air-conditioning performance within the nasal cavity in macaques. Instead, the inhaled air is conditioned well in the anterior portion of the nasal cavity before reaching the MS in both macaques and savanna monkeys. These findings suggest that the evolutionary modifications and coetaneous variations in the nasal anatomy are rather independent of transitions and variations in the climate and atmospheric environment found in the habitats of macaques.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minor contributions of the maxillary sinus to the air-conditioning performance in macaque monkeys

Mori

Hanida

Kumahata

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Supporting this view, Albrecht () documented Bergmann's rule in the northern pig‐tailed macaque ( Macaca leonina ) but the inverse of Bergmann's rule in the southern pig‐tailed macaque ( M . nemestrina ), and Ito, Nishimura, and Takai () found support for Bergmann's rule in the M. fascicularis and M . sinica species groups but not in the M .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Rule reversal: Ecogeographical patterns of body size variation in the common treeshrew (Mammalia, Scandentia)

Sargis

Millien

Woodman

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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There are a number of ecogeographical “rules” that describe patterns of geographical variation among organisms. The island rule predicts that populations of larger mammals on islands evolve smaller mean body size than their mainland counterparts, whereas smaller‐bodied mammals evolve larger size. Bergmann's rule predicts that populations of a species in colder climates (generally at higher latitudes) have larger mean body sizes than conspecifics in warmer climates (at lower latitudes). These two rules are rarely tested together and neither has been rigorously tested in treeshrews, a clade of small‐bodied mammals in their own order (Scandentia) broadly distributed in mainland Southeast Asia and on islands throughout much of the Sunda Shelf. The common treeshrew, Tupaia glis, is an excellent candidate for study and was used to test these two rules simultaneously for the first time in treeshrews. This species is distributed on the Malay Peninsula and several offshore islands east, west, and south of the mainland. Using craniodental dimensions as a proxy for body size, we investigated how island size, distance from the mainland, and maximum sea depth between the mainland and the islands relate to body size of 13 insular T. glis populations while also controlling for latitude and correlation among variables. We found a strong negative effect of latitude on body size in the common treeshrew, indicating the inverse of Bergmann's rule. We did not detect any overall difference in body size between the island and mainland populations. However, there was an effect of island area and maximum sea depth on body size among island populations. Although there is a strong latitudinal effect on body size, neither Bergmann's rule nor the island rule applies to the common treeshrew. The results of our analyses demonstrate the necessity of assessing multiple variables simultaneously in studies of ecogeographical rules.

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“…However, since only one macaque species was included in the analysis, results concerning the relationship of Mandrillus + Cercocebus to Macaca have to be considered with caution. The question is whether the similarities between Mandrillus , Cercocebus and M. nemestrina are due to the plesiomorphy of the traits as suggested by Fleagle & McGraw [45,55] or whether they result from convergent adaptations to similar ecological niches since Mandrillus , Cercocebus and M. nemestrina are predominantly forest dwelling terrestrial primates [72,73]. Given that nDNA phylogenies (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitogenomics of the Old World monkey tribe Papionini

et al. 2014

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BackgroundThe evolutionary history of the Old World monkey tribe Papionini comprising the genera Macaca, Mandrillus, Cercocebus, Lophocebus, Theropithecus, Rungwecebus and Papio is still matter of debate. Although the African Papionini (subtribe Papionina) are generally considered to be the sister lineage to the Asian Papionini (subtribe Macacina), previous studies based on morphological data, nuclear or mitochondrial sequences have shown contradictory phylogenetic relationships among and within both subtribes. To further elucidate the phylogenetic relationships among papionins and to estimate divergence ages we generated mitochondrial genome data and combined them with previously published sequences.ResultsOur mitochondrial gene tree comprises 33 papionins representing all genera of the tribe except Rungwecebus. In contrast to most previous studies, the obtained phylogeny suggests a division of the Papionini into three main mitochondrial clades with similar ages: 1) Papio, Theropithecus, Lophocebus; 2) Mandrillus, Cercocebus; and 3) Macaca; the Mandrillus + Cercocebus clade appears to be more closely related to Macaca than to the other African Papionini. Further, we find paraphyletic relationships within the Mandrillus + Cercocebus clade as well as in Papio. Relationships among Theropithecus, Lophocebus and Papio remain unresolved. Divergence ages reveal initial splits within the three mitochondrial clades around the Miocene/Pliocene boundary and differentiation of Macaca species groups occurred on a similar time scale as those found between genera of the subtribe Papionina.ConclusionDue to the largely well-resolved mitochondrial phylogeny, our study provides new insights into the evolutionary history of the Papionini. Results show some contradictory relationships in comparison to previous analyses, notably the paraphyly within the Cercocebus + Mandrillus clade and three instead of only two major mitochondrial clades. Divergence ages among species groups of macaques are similar to those among African Papionini genera, suggesting that diversification of the mitochondrial genome is of a similar magnitude in both subtribes. However, since our mitochondrial tree represents just a single gene tree that most likely does not reflect the true species tree, extensive nuclear sequence data is required to illuminate the true species phylogeny of papionins and to trace possible ancient hybridization events among lineages.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-014-0176-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Ecogeographical and phylogenetic effects on craniofacial variation in macaques

Cited by 30 publications

References 67 publications

Minor contributions of the maxillary sinus to the air-conditioning performance in macaque monkeys

Minor contributions of the maxillary sinus to the air-conditioning performance in macaque monkeys

Rule reversal: Ecogeographical patterns of body size variation in the common treeshrew (Mammalia, Scandentia)

Mitogenomics of the Old World monkey tribe Papionini

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