Early REDD+ Implementation: The Journey of an Indigenous Community in Eastern Panama

Holmes, Ignacia; Potvin, Catherine; Coomes, Oliver T.

doi:10.3390/f8030067

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Here again, hypothetical income from REDD+ might support such initiatives. Assuming a cost of ~US$563 yr -1 to reforest one hectare [ 42 ], approximately 586 ha of land could be restored annually in the watershed if all potential income generated from REDD+ ( i . e .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ostrom [ 43 ], however suggested that bridging organizations that support community initiatives are a key element of the sustainable governance of common resources such as forests. In Ipeti and Piriati, bridging organizations indeed have played a fundamental role in supporting the two communities in REDD+ and PES initiatives [ 42 , 44 ]. External support however is costly.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A participatory approach to elucidate the consequences of land invasions on REDD+ initiatives: A case study with Indigenous communities in Panama

Vergara-Asenjo

Mateo‐Vega

Alvarado³

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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Land tenure and tenure security are among the most important factors determining the viability and success of Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) initiatives. The premise of the present paper is that territorial conflicts lead to forest loss and compromise the successful implementation of REDD+. Within this context, the main objectives of this paper are to (i) document, relying on participatory methods, the extent to which land conflicts drive deforestation and (ii) reflect on the legal context of REDD+ examining if, from an Indigenous perspective, it offers tools to resolve such conflicts. We used the Upper Bayano Watershed in eastern Panama as a case study of complex land tenure dynamics, and their effects on forest conservation in the context of REDD+. Combining a range of participatory methods including participatory mapping and forest carbon stock assessment, we estimated the consequences of land invasions on forest carbon stocks. Our analysis shows that invasions of Indigenous territories amounted to 27.6% of the total deforestation for the period of 2001–2014. The situation is of paramount concern in the Embera territory of Majé where 95.4% of total deforestation was caused by colonist invaders. Using and validating the maps made freely available by the Global Forest Change initiative of the University of Maryland, we then developed a reference level for the watershed and carried out a back of the envelop estimation of likely REDD+ revenue, showing its potential to bring much needed income to Indigenous communities striving to protect their forest estate. Our analysis of current legislation in Panama highlights confusion and important legal voids and emphasizes the strong links between land tenure, carbon ownership, and territorial invasions. The options and shortcoming of implementing REDD+ in Indigenous territories is discussed in the conclusion taking our legal review into account.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A participatory approach to elucidate the consequences of land invasions on REDD+ initiatives: A case study with Indigenous communities in Panama

Vergara-Asenjo

Mateo‐Vega

Alvarado³

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

Self Cite

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“…The extent to which economic returns of the land-use withstand the effects of extreme weather, pests and diseases and price fluctuations Connelly and Shapiro (2006) and Coomes et al (2008) 5 Liquidity Regular cash income, including how easily the farmer can convert an investment to cash when needed Coomes et al (2008) and Holmes et al (2017) 6 Investment costs a…”

Section: Economic Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring farmer perceptions of agroforestry via multi-objective optimisation: a test application in Eastern Panama

et al. 2020

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Understanding farmers’ perceptions of and preferences towards agroforestry is essential to identify systems with the greatest likelihood of adoption to inform successful rural development projects. In this study we offer a novel approach for evaluating agroforestry systems from the farmer perspective. The approach couples rapid rural appraisal and normative optimisation techniques to determine favourable land-use compositions for meeting various socio-economic and ecological goals, based on farmers’ empirical knowledge and preferences. We test our approach among smallholder farmers in Eastern Panama, obtaining data from household interviews and using hierarchical cluster analysis to identify farm groups with similar land-use and income characteristics. We found that moderate differences in farmers’ perceptions between these groups altered the type and share of agroforestry included in the optimised land-use portfolios that balance the achievement of 10 pre-selected socio-economic and ecological objectives. Such differences provide valuable information about potential acceptability of agroforestry within each group. For example, we found that farmers who derive most of their farm income from crops may be more willing to adopt silvopasture, whereas farmers who are more economically dependent on cattle may benefit from diversifying their land-use with alley cropping. We discuss the potential of this modelling approach for participatory land-use planning, especially when dealing with small sample sizes and uncertainty in datasets.

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“…Next, Holmes et al [29] also find that success of REDD+ requires more nuance and alignment with local needs. The authors used semi-structured interviews and participatory methods over the span of 11 years in an Embera community in Panama to examine how local communities sought to reduce emissions from deforestation and benefit from carbon offset trading while improving local livelihoods.…”

Section: Lessons From Redd+ Early Actionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

REDD+ Crossroads Post Paris: Politics, Lessons and Interplays

2018

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This article introduces the special issue "REDD+ crossroads post Paris: politics, lessons and interplays". The contributions to the special issue suggest, first, that REDD+ design in the studied countries has generally lacked social legitimacy and sidelined key actors who can considerably influence land-use sector dynamics. Second, they show that REDD+ early actions have tended to oversimplify local realities and have been misaligned and local needs. Third, REDD+ efforts have remained constrained to the forestry or climate mitigation policy sectors and have thus suffered from a lack of policy harmonization. As REDD+ moves from its preparedness to its implementation phase, more research efforts should be aimed at analysing the power relations that underpin and determine the design and implementation of REDD+ policies and actions, the potential for and limits to the vertical and horizontal coordination of land-use policies and management, and the processes of resistance to or accommodation of REDD+ practices on the ground. In doing so, we advocate for multi-and transdisciplinary research that does not take for granted the benefits of REDD+ and which critically scrutinizes the multiple goals of this ambitious international policy framework, and where it sits within the broader Paris Agreement implementation agenda.

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Early REDD+ Implementation: The Journey of an Indigenous Community in Eastern Panama

Cited by 26 publications

References 60 publications

A participatory approach to elucidate the consequences of land invasions on REDD+ initiatives: A case study with Indigenous communities in Panama

A participatory approach to elucidate the consequences of land invasions on REDD+ initiatives: A case study with Indigenous communities in Panama

Exploring farmer perceptions of agroforestry via multi-objective optimisation: a test application in Eastern Panama

REDD+ Crossroads Post Paris: Politics, Lessons and Interplays

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