Early postoperative results of Descemet’s stripping endothelial keratoplasty in six dogs with corneal endothelial dystrophy

Abstract

Objective: To describe and assess the clinical outcome and intraoperative and postoperative complications of Descemet's stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK) in the treatment of canine corneal endothelial dystrophy. Animals Studied: Six dogs (six eyes) diagnosed with progressive corneal edema resulting from abnormal dystrophic endothelial cells underwent Descemet's stripping endothelial keratoplasty. Procedures: Six patients underwent Descemet's stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK). The patients were examined preoperatively and postoperatively at 24 hours, 7 days, 1, 2, and 3 months after surgery. Corneal edema and ultrasonic pachymetry were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively. The positions of DSEK grafts were evaluated 3 months after surgery using optical coherence tomography. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were noted.

A multicenter retrospective evaluation of the prevalence of known and presumed hereditary eye diseases in Lagotto Romagnolo dog breed within a referral population in Italy (2012–2020)

“…30,33,34 Medical and surgical strategies have been described to increase corneal stability and to improve transparency with different outcomes (hyperosmotics, 35,36 hydrophilic contact lenses, 37 thermokeratoplasty, 38 corneal collagen crosslinking, 39,40 superficial keratectomy, 41 superficial keratectomy and corneal cross-linking, 42 keratoleptynsis, 43 penetrating keratoplasty, 30 endothelial keratoplasty). 44 A late-onset disease was confirmed as all cases were within age group III (8-19 years), which is consistent with other retrospective studies. 41 The late-onset might be a correlation between natural aging of the endothelium, the resulting cell loss and predisposition by the hereditary disease.…”

A multicenter retrospective evaluation of the prevalence of known and presumed hereditary eye diseases in Lagotto Romagnolo dog breed within a referral population in Italy (2012–2020)

“…30,33,34 Medical and surgical strategies have been described to increase corneal stability and to improve transparency with different outcomes (hyperosmotics, 35,36 hydrophilic contact lenses, 37 thermokeratoplasty, 38 corneal collagen crosslinking, 39,40 superficial keratectomy, 41 superficial keratectomy and corneal cross-linking, 42 keratoleptynsis, 43 penetrating keratoplasty, 30 endothelial keratoplasty). 44 A late-onset disease was confirmed as all cases were within age group III (8-19 years), which is consistent with other retrospective studies. 41 The late-onset might be a correlation between natural aging of the endothelium, the resulting cell loss and predisposition by the hereditary disease.…”

Canine Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty with a Tissue Insertion Device: Technique and Long-Term Outcome

“…The data add to previous reports demonstrating feasibility of endothelial keratoplasty in a dog [4,5]. For monitoring the health of the canine cornea postoperatively, we confirmed improvement through pachymetry, which can be performed in a clinic with an ultrasonic pachymeter.…”

Canine corneal endothelial cell analysis using vital dyes and light microscopy

“…Here, the trypan blue concentration (0.25%) was based on two previous reports 10,12 and was purposely higher than a previous canine report by Boo et al (0.06%) where no noticeable blue staining could be observed in the reported endothelial images. 9 For the alizarin red concentration (0.5%), the endothelial images obtained by Park et al with 0.5% seemed sharper than the 1% concentration from the same report, 15 as well as the lower concentration used in previous reports (0.2%). 11,12 As mentioned in the methods section, the pH of the alizarin red solution was adjusted to 4.2 with hydrochloride acid in order to optimize dye staining at the intercellular borders.…”

“…The main limitation of the study is the focus on a single protocol for dying the corneal endothelium in our canine subjects. Here, the trypan blue concentration (0.25%) was based on two previous reports 10,12 and was purposely higher than a previous canine report by Boo et al (0.06%) where no noticeable blue staining could be observed in the reported endothelial images 9 . For the alizarin red concentration (0.5%), the endothelial images obtained by Park et al.…”

“… 15 Another methodology limitation is the use of sterile saline for compounding the dyes and rinsing the corneal endothelium during the dying process, a solution that could have been irritating to the corneal endothelium and affect some of the morphological results; future experiments should consider balanced salt solution as reported in other studies. 9 , 12 Last, the study relied on corneal flat mounting for assessing the endothelium, as previously described 11 , 12 ; although there were sufficient areas that could be imaged for data analysis, the excess tissue wrinkling limited the view of large segments in each eye, a pitfall that could potentially be minimized by harvesting a corneal button (e.g., 7‐mm trephine) 29 to optimize the field for light microscopy.…”

A multicenter retrospective evaluation of the prevalence of known and presumed hereditary eye diseases in Lagotto Romagnolo dog breed within a referral population in Italy (2012–2020)

“…30,33,34 Medical and surgical strategies have been described to increase corneal stability and to improve transparency with different outcomes (hyperosmotics, 35,36 hydrophilic contact lenses, 37 thermokeratoplasty, 38 corneal collagen crosslinking, 39,40 superficial keratectomy, 41 superficial keratectomy and corneal cross-linking, 42 keratoleptynsis, 43 penetrating keratoplasty, 30 endothelial keratoplasty). 44 A late-onset disease was confirmed as all cases were within age group III (8-19 years), which is consistent with other retrospective studies. 41 The late-onset might be a correlation between natural aging of the endothelium, the resulting cell loss and predisposition by the hereditary disease.…”

Canine Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty with a Tissue Insertion Device: Technique and Long-Term Outcome

“…The data add to previous reports demonstrating feasibility of endothelial keratoplasty in a dog [4,5]. For monitoring the health of the canine cornea postoperatively, we confirmed improvement through pachymetry, which can be performed in a clinic with an ultrasonic pachymeter.…”

Canine corneal endothelial cell analysis using vital dyes and light microscopy

“…Here, the trypan blue concentration (0.25%) was based on two previous reports 10,12 and was purposely higher than a previous canine report by Boo et al (0.06%) where no noticeable blue staining could be observed in the reported endothelial images. 9 For the alizarin red concentration (0.5%), the endothelial images obtained by Park et al with 0.5% seemed sharper than the 1% concentration from the same report, 15 as well as the lower concentration used in previous reports (0.2%). 11,12 As mentioned in the methods section, the pH of the alizarin red solution was adjusted to 4.2 with hydrochloride acid in order to optimize dye staining at the intercellular borders.…”

“…The main limitation of the study is the focus on a single protocol for dying the corneal endothelium in our canine subjects. Here, the trypan blue concentration (0.25%) was based on two previous reports 10,12 and was purposely higher than a previous canine report by Boo et al (0.06%) where no noticeable blue staining could be observed in the reported endothelial images 9 . For the alizarin red concentration (0.5%), the endothelial images obtained by Park et al.…”

“… 15 Another methodology limitation is the use of sterile saline for compounding the dyes and rinsing the corneal endothelium during the dying process, a solution that could have been irritating to the corneal endothelium and affect some of the morphological results; future experiments should consider balanced salt solution as reported in other studies. 9 , 12 Last, the study relied on corneal flat mounting for assessing the endothelium, as previously described 11 , 12 ; although there were sufficient areas that could be imaged for data analysis, the excess tissue wrinkling limited the view of large segments in each eye, a pitfall that could potentially be minimized by harvesting a corneal button (e.g., 7‐mm trephine) 29 to optimize the field for light microscopy.…”

A multicenter retrospective evaluation of the prevalence of known and presumed hereditary eye diseases in Lagotto Romagnolo dog breed within a referral population in Italy (2012–2020)

“…30,33,34 Medical and surgical strategies have been described to increase corneal stability and to improve transparency with different outcomes (hyperosmotics, 35,36 hydrophilic contact lenses, 37 thermokeratoplasty, 38 corneal collagen crosslinking, 39,40 superficial keratectomy, 41 superficial keratectomy and corneal cross-linking, 42 keratoleptynsis, 43 penetrating keratoplasty, 30 endothelial keratoplasty). 44 A late-onset disease was confirmed as all cases were within age group III (8-19 years), which is consistent with other retrospective studies. 41 The late-onset might be a correlation between natural aging of the endothelium, the resulting cell loss and predisposition by the hereditary disease.…”

Canine Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty with a Tissue Insertion Device: Technique and Long-Term Outcome

“…The data add to previous reports demonstrating feasibility of endothelial keratoplasty in a dog [4,5]. For monitoring the health of the canine cornea postoperatively, we confirmed improvement through pachymetry, which can be performed in a clinic with an ultrasonic pachymeter.…”

Canine corneal endothelial cell analysis using vital dyes and light microscopy

“…Here, the trypan blue concentration (0.25%) was based on two previous reports 10,12 and was purposely higher than a previous canine report by Boo et al (0.06%) where no noticeable blue staining could be observed in the reported endothelial images. 9 For the alizarin red concentration (0.5%), the endothelial images obtained by Park et al with 0.5% seemed sharper than the 1% concentration from the same report, 15 as well as the lower concentration used in previous reports (0.2%). 11,12 As mentioned in the methods section, the pH of the alizarin red solution was adjusted to 4.2 with hydrochloride acid in order to optimize dye staining at the intercellular borders.…”

“…The main limitation of the study is the focus on a single protocol for dying the corneal endothelium in our canine subjects. Here, the trypan blue concentration (0.25%) was based on two previous reports 10,12 and was purposely higher than a previous canine report by Boo et al (0.06%) where no noticeable blue staining could be observed in the reported endothelial images 9 . For the alizarin red concentration (0.5%), the endothelial images obtained by Park et al.…”

“… 15 Another methodology limitation is the use of sterile saline for compounding the dyes and rinsing the corneal endothelium during the dying process, a solution that could have been irritating to the corneal endothelium and affect some of the morphological results; future experiments should consider balanced salt solution as reported in other studies. 9 , 12 Last, the study relied on corneal flat mounting for assessing the endothelium, as previously described 11 , 12 ; although there were sufficient areas that could be imaged for data analysis, the excess tissue wrinkling limited the view of large segments in each eye, a pitfall that could potentially be minimized by harvesting a corneal button (e.g., 7‐mm trephine) 29 to optimize the field for light microscopy.…”