Early-Life Experiences: Enduring Behavioral, Neurological, and Endocrinological Consequences

Romeo, Russell D.; Tang, Akaysha C.; Sullivan, Regina M.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803592-4.00099-7

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 291 publications

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“…There is extensive evidence from rat studies indicating that parents' everyday behaviors affect brain development (Romeo, Tang, & Sullivan, ). Rat pups whose mothers engaged in less licking and grooming of them in the first week of life grow up to have more exaggerated glucocorticoid responses to stressful situations as adults than adult rats who were licked and groomed more as pups, indicating effects on the HPA axis functioning (see Meaney, , for a review).…”

Section: Physical Punishment and Changes In The Brain: Emerging Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Should Parents' Physical Punishment of Children Be Considered a Source of Toxic Stress That Affects Brain Development?

Gershoff

2016

Family Relations

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The notion that negative childhood experiences can be sources of toxic stress that have short‐ and long‐term consequences for children's health and well‐being has gained increasing attention in recent years. The family environment can be a key source of stress, particularly when parents inflict pain on children; when that pain rises to the level of physical abuse the stress is thought to be toxic. In this article the author considers the possibility that nonabusive physical punishment may also constitute a source of toxic stress in the lives of children that affects their brain structure and functioning. The research linking physical abuse and physical punishment to children's brain structure and functioning is summarized, and the article concludes with a discussion of implications for future research, policy, and practice.

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Section: Physical Punishment and Changes In The Brain: Emerging Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Should Parents' Physical Punishment of Children Be Considered a Source of Toxic Stress That Affects Brain Development?

Gershoff

2016

Family Relations

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“…Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that exposure to adverse experiences during childhood is associated with an increased risk for developmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, depression, and anxiety (Chapman et al., 2004; Sonuga‐Barke et al., 2017). In several species, environmental insults have been shown to alter developmental trajectories and lead to long‐lasting neural and behavioral deficits (Andersen, 2003; Romeo et al., 2009). Although early intervention in mental illness can reduce the likelihood that the illness will become debilitating, diagnosis most often occurs after progression of symptomology has disrupted daily living (Correll et al., 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infant ultrasonic vocalizations predict adolescent social behavior in rats: Effects of early life adversity

Granata

Valentine

Hirsch

et al. 2022

Developmental Psychobiology

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Early life adversity (ELA) increases risk for psychopathologies that often manifest during adolescence and involve disrupted social functioning. ELA affects development of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), which plays a role in social behavior. PFC oxytocin and vasopressin are important regulators of, first, mother-infant attachment, and, later, social behavior, and are implicated in psychiatric disorders. Here, we tested whether infant social communication is predictive of PFC development and adolescent social behavior. We used the limited bedding (LB) ELA model in rats during postnatal days (P)2-14, and measured isolation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) at P10 to characterize differences in an early social response. Rats were tested for dyadic social interaction in adolescence (P34). Adolescent oxytocin receptor (Oxtr) and argininevasopressin receptor 1a mRNA were measured in the PFC. Relationships between infant USVs, adolescent behavior, and gene expression were assessed. LB-reared rats exhibited fewer USVs at P10. While social behaviors were not robustly affected by rearing, fewer total and complex-type infant USVs predicted fewer interactions in adolescence. LB increased Oxtr in both sexes but Oxtr was not directly predicted by USVs.Findings support the use of USVs as indicators of differential early life experience in rodents, toward further characterization of early factors associated with vulnerability.

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“…Adolescence is defined as a stage of life between 10 and 19 years of age [16]. Researchers working with adolescents agree that the alterations in brain maturation [17][18] and strain from peer and parent relationships [19][20][21] make them most vulnerable to stress. In Indian families, adolescents continue to live with their parents where the family is their support system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Qualitative inquiry into the Coping strategies of Goan adolescents living with parents having alcohol Dependence

D’costa¹,

Lavalekar²

2021

Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental H

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Early-Life Experiences: Enduring Behavioral, Neurological, and Endocrinological Consequences

Cited by 5 publications

References 291 publications

Should Parents' Physical Punishment of Children Be Considered a Source of Toxic Stress That Affects Brain Development?

Should Parents' Physical Punishment of Children Be Considered a Source of Toxic Stress That Affects Brain Development?

Infant ultrasonic vocalizations predict adolescent social behavior in rats: Effects of early life adversity

A Qualitative inquiry into the Coping strategies of Goan adolescents living with parents having alcohol Dependence

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