Early lesion formation in cattle experimentally infected with Mycobacterium bovis

Cassidy, Joseph P.; Bryson, D.G.; Pollock, J.M.; Evans, R.T.; Forster, Fiona; Neill, S.D.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9975(98)80069-8

Cited by 95 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…10 Much higher dosages, 1.5 ϫ 10 5 to 2 ϫ 10 7 CFU, have been used to experimentally infect cattle. 5,16 Under the conditions outlined in the current study, white-tailed deer seem to be highly susceptible to infection with M. bovis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…The cellular constituents of lesions seen in deer in the present study are similar to those seen in cattle. 5,16 However, in contrast to cattle, in deer, only mild fibrosis surrounding granulomas was present even at 328 days after inoculation. Prominent collagen deposition has been noted in lesions from cattle as early as 56 days after intratonsilar inoculation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…16 In contrast, cattle inoculated intranasally develop lesions as early as 7 days after inoculation. 5 This difference may be due to host species differences or differences in route of inoculation, inoculum strain, or inoculum dosage. The cellular constituents of lesions seen in deer in the present study are similar to those seen in cattle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lesion Development in White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) Experimentally Infected with Mycobacterium bovis

2002

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Abstract. The recent discovery of tuberculosis in free-living white-tailed deer in northeastern Michigan underscores the need for increased understanding of the pathogenesis of tuberculosis in wildlife species. To investigate lesion development in white-tailed deer, 32 deer were experimentally infected by intratonsilar instillation of 300 colony-forming units of Mycobacterium bovis. Three deer each were euthanatized and examined at days 15, 28, 42, and 56 after inoculation, and five deer each were euthanatized and examined at days 89, 180, 262, and 328 after inoculation. Microscopic lesions first were seen in the medial retropharyngeal lymph node and lung 28 and 42 days after inoculation, respectively. Lung lesions were present in 12 (38%) of 32 deer, involving 23 lung lobes. Left caudal and right middle and caudal lobes were involved in 17 (74%) of the 23 affected lung lobes. Lesions in the medial retropharyngeal lymph node first appeared as granulomas composed of aggregates of macrophages and Langhans-type giant cells. Some early granulomas contained centrally located neutrophils. As granulomas developed, neutrophils were replaced with a central zone of caseous necrosis that first showed signs of mineralization 42 days after inoculation. Granulomas increased in size as the zone of caseous necrosis expanded. Peripheral fibrosis, first seen at 56 days after inoculation, progressed to only a thin fibrous capsule by 328 days after inoculation. By the termination of the study, the central necrotic core of the granuloma contained abundant liquefied necrotic material and grossly resembled an abscess. Although tuberculous lesions in white-tailed deer follow a developmental pattern similar to that in cattle, fibrosis is less pronounced and the advanced lesions may liquefy, a change seldom reported in cattle. An understanding of lesion development will aid in the identification of the spectrum of disease that may be seen in this important wildlife reservoir of tuberculosis.Key words: Deer; granuloma; Mycobacterium bovis; Odocoileus virginianus; tuberculosis.In 1994, a free-living white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Michigan was diagnosed with tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis. 22 Subsequent surveys conducted by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources and Michigan State University Animal Health Diagnostic Laboratory identified an epidemic of M. bovis infection in free-living white-tailed deer in northeastern Michigan. 13,22 This represents the first known reservoir of M. bovis in free-living wildlife in the United States and the first known epidemic of tuberculosis in white-tailed deer in the world. Several factors are thought to have contributed to the establishment and persistence of M. bovis in this wildlife reservoir. These factors include the large number of cattle infected with M. bovis in Michigan during the late 1950s 8 and a deer population that has steadily grown beyond normal habitat carrying capacity to focal concentrations of 19-23 deer per km 2 . 22 A contributing factor to overpopul...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Lesion Development in White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) Experimentally Infected with Mycobacterium bovis

2002

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“…In cattle, gd T cells are among the first cells to accumulate at the site of delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions following injection with purified protein derivative from M. bovis (PPD-B) (15) and at the site of lesions in the lungs and lymph nodes (LNs) of virulent M. bovis-infected animals (16). In vitro, bovine gd T cells proliferate and produce IFN-g in recall responses to complex Ags, such as PPD-B (17,18), and to specific Ags, such as the protein complex ESAT6:CFP10 (E:C) (17,19), and the nonprotein Ag mycolylarabinogalactan peptidoglycan (mAGP), a component of the mycobacterial cell wall (20).…”

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confidence: 99%

Specific Recognition of Mycobacterial Protein and Peptide Antigens by γδ T Cell Subsets following Infection with VirulentMycobacterium bovis

McGill

Sacco

Baldwin

et al. 2014

The Journal of Immunology

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Promoting effective immunity to Mycobacterium bovis infection is a challenge that is of interest to the fields of human and animal medicine alike. We report that γδ T cells from virulent M. bovis–infected cattle respond specifically and directly to complex, protein, and nonprotein mycobacterial Ags. Importantly, to our knowledge, we demonstrate for the first time that bovine γδ T cells specifically recognize peptide Ags derived from the mycobacterial protein complex ESAT6:CFP10 and that this recognition requires direct contact with APCs and signaling through the T cell Ag receptor but is independent of MHC class I or II. Furthermore, we show that M. bovis infection in cattle induces robust IL-17A protein responses. Interestingly, in contrast to results from mice, bovine CD4 T cells, and not γδ T cells, are the predominant source of this critical proinflammatory mediator. Bovine γδ T cells are divided into subsets based upon their expression of Workshop Cluster 1 (WC1), and we demonstrate that the M. bovis–specific γδ T cell response is composed of a heterogeneous mix of WC1-expressing populations, with the serologically defined WC1.1+ and WC1.2+ subsets responding in vitro to mycobacterial Ags and accumulating in the lesions of M. bovis–infected animals. The results described in this article enhance our understanding of γδ T cell biology and, because virulent M. bovis infection of cattle represents an excellent model of tuberculosis in humans, contribute to our overall understanding of the role of γδ T cells in the mycobacterial-specific immune response.

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“…Encapsulation and phagocytosis by macrophages/giant cells may assist in the control of the infection, whereas neutrophils are a marker of bacterial proliferation during infection, as observed in asymptomatic, naturally infected cattle [5]. In experimentally infected cattle, granulomas can be observed microscopically as early as 7 -15 days after infection [6]. Detailed classification of granulomas into four stages has been described in calves, and infected lymph nodes may contain all four different stages at a single time point [7].…”

Section: Immunity Against M Bovis Infection In Cattlementioning

confidence: 99%

Immunity and Vaccination against Tuberculosis in Cattle

Parlane¹,

Buddle²

2015

Curr Clin Micro Rpt

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Bovine tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major animal health problem worldwide and new tools are required for the control of this disease in cattle, particularly with the emergence of wildlife reservoirs for Mycobacterium bovis infection and potential restrictions on trade. New insights into the roles of macrophages, dendritic cells, NK cells, and CD4+, CD8+, and γδ T cells in control of M. bovis infection in cattle have provided a better understanding of protective immunity against this disease. In the past two decades, considerable progress has been made in the development and evaluation of TB vaccines for cattle, with new attenuated mycobacterial vaccines providing an alternative to the use of BCG vaccine and sub-unit vaccines to boost protection induced by BCG. With the development of tests to differentiate infected from vaccinated animals, it is now feasible to use vaccines to assist in the control of this disease.

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Early lesion formation in cattle experimentally infected with Mycobacterium bovis

Cited by 95 publications

References 27 publications

Lesion Development in White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) Experimentally Infected with Mycobacterium bovis

Lesion Development in White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) Experimentally Infected with Mycobacterium bovis

Specific Recognition of Mycobacterial Protein and Peptide Antigens by γδ T Cell Subsets following Infection with VirulentMycobacterium bovis

Immunity and Vaccination against Tuberculosis in Cattle

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