Early Childhood Caries Update

Abstract

Early childhood caries (ECC) is the most common chronic disease among young children who are less than 71 months of age and is currently represented as a public health problem in various countries worldwide. Dental caries continues to be a major health problem in developing nations because of lack of education, awareness, and poor socioeconomic status. It begins with white-spot lesions on upper primary incisors along the margin of the gingiva and leads to complete destruction of the crown. The potential impact of ECC on the general health and development has been widely reported in the literature. The main risk factors in the development of ECC can be categorized as microbiological, dietary, genetic, behavioral, and environmental. Evidences for effective ECC prevention suggest prenatal and immediate postnatal interventions. Population-based early childhood health systems hold great potential to reduce the burden of ECC. This chapter focuses on diagnosis, prevalence, etiology, preventive strategies, and treatment options of ECC.

Decoding children dental health risks: a machine learning approach to identifying key influencing factors

“…The study’s results underscore the crucial role of maintaining proper oral hygiene and reducing sugary food and drink intake as cornerstones of preventing dental caries in children. This aligns with the recommendations from the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, which emphasizes the importance of establishing a dental home and regular check-ups as part of effective early preventive care ( Edem, 2018 ). Incorporating subjective data could enhance our understanding of behavioral and psychosocial elements that contribute to dental health.…”

“…The importance of dental health, particularly in children, cannot be overstated. It is a critical aspect of overall health and well-being, influencing not just the condition of the mouth but also impacting general health, nutrition, and quality of life ( Edem, 2018 ; Sadegh-Zadeh et al, 2022 ). Dental health issues, particularly dental caries, remain one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood, recognized globally as a significant public health challenge ( World Health Organization, 2013 ).…”

Navigating early childhood caries management in children with autism and developmental disorders: A U.S. perspective

“…Diagnosing and assessing ECC in children with autism and developmental disorders requires sensitivity, patience, and tailored approaches to accommodate their unique needs and challenges. Early detection of ECC is crucial for preventing complications, preserving primary teeth, and promoting long-term oral health and well-being (Edem, 2018). Collaboration between dental professionals, caregivers, and healthcare providers is essential to ensure timely diagnosis and effective management of ECC in this vulnerable population…”

Prevalence of class I caries in the second maxillary primary molar in 3–6-year-old children: A retrospective study

“…Previous research studies on dental caries were mostly based on a dental evaluation corresponding with DMFT that showed the number of decayed, missing, filled teeth which was used to analyze the caries involvement and prevention of primary and permanent molar teeth with regard to ICDAS score. [ 5 ] These previous research articles have also shown that there was high-risk incidence of restorations that were mainly due to lack of awareness on various aspects and fields of class I caries in many counties. These previous articles have shown that the prevalence of caries includes low socioeconomic status and lack of availability in dentistry.…”