Early characterization of somatic hybrids from symmetric protoplast electrofusion of Solanum pinnatisectum Dun. and Solanum tuberosum L.

Abstract

Variability of 31 somatic hybrids of Solanum pinnatisectum Dun. with Solanum tuberosum L. for leaf morphology, plant vigor, resistance to Phytophthora infestans, ploidy level, and cytoplasm type was evaluated in vitro. The composition of these somatic hybrids was as follows: [S. pinnatisectum Dun. (2n = 2x = 24; cytoplasmic type Wc) ? S. tuberosum L. (2n = 4x = 48; cytoplasmic type Tß)]. Based on leaf morphology and plant growth vigor, plants were divided into three groups, including plants close to tbr parent with unlobed leaves, small plants with scarcely dissected leaves, and vigorous plants with asymmetrically and pinnately lobed leaves. Nine of the somatic hybrids were found to be highly resistant to P. infestans. Somatic hybrids were either tetraploid or hexaploid, with hexaploids being predominant. The cytoplasm of somatic hybrids was either Tßc or Wßc, with Tßc being more common. Overall, in contrast to leaf morphology and growth vigor, level of resistance to P. infestans was not related to either ploidy level or type of cytoplasm. These findings demonstrate that early in vitro selection of promising hybrids can be useful in breeding programs.

Production and characterization of somatic hybrids between Solanum tuberosum L. and S. pinnatisectum Dun.

“…Other SSR markers did not confirm the hybridity due to lack of complementary banding profiles in the somatic hybrids of their corresponding parents. Our study on microsatellite analysis is comparable to the variable fingerprints of somatic hybrids of S. tuberosum and S. pinnatisectum as demonstrated by Polzerová et al (2011). Cytoplasmic analyses conducted in the present study focused on the identification of mitochondrial and chloroplast types in the somatic hybrids.…”

“…diploid S. pinnatisectum. Variability in the morphology and ploidy estimation of hybrids originated from any fusion partners proved more common in Solanum (Szczerbakowa et al 2011;Polzerová et al 2011;Greplová et al 2008), and in other crops as well like passion fruit (Pinto et al 2010), cactus (Lema-Rumińska 2011) and Devil's claw (Stancheva et al 2011). RAPD analysis was used as first method to identify somatic hybrids followed by SSR and cytoplasm type analyses.…”

“…RAPD analysis was used as first method to identify somatic hybrids followed by SSR and cytoplasm type analyses. Application of molecular markers like RAPD (Greplová et al 2008), SSRs and cytoplasm types (Polzerová et al 2011;Tiwari et al 2010) were used successfully for the hybrids confirmation and cytoplasmic characterizations. However, the most common problem with RAPD technique is its low reproducibility.…”

“…Numerous experiments had succeeded in the production of potato somatic hybrids by introgression of desirable agronomic and disease resistance traits. In recent years, wild potato species S. pinnatisectum (Greplová et al 2008;Polzerová et al 2011), S. cardiophyllum (Thieme et al 2010), S. 9 michoacanum (Szczerbakowa et al 2010), S. bulbocastanum (Greplová et al 2008) and S. tarnii (Thieme et al 2008) were used to transfer late blight resistance into cultivated potato through somatic hybridization. Protoplast fusion has also been succeeded in other crops like citrus (Grosser and Gmitter 2011), cotton (Sun et al 2011), sweet potato (Yang et al 2009), Brassicaceae (Ovcharenko et al 2011).…”

Protoplast Technology in Genome Manipulation of Potato Through Somatic Cell Fusion

“…The hybrids of S. pinnatisectum + S. tuberosum showed high foliage resistance to late blight based on field assessment for two seasons (Sarkar et al 2011). Similarly, based on another study, the somatic hybrids were also highly resistant to P. infestans (Polzerová et al 2011).…”