“…On May 1, 2022, the Regulations on the Administration of Electronic Tobacco prohibited the use of electronic cigarettes with flavours other than tobacco tastes ( State Council Gazette, 2022 ). Pipe & Mir (2022) found that the composition of heated chemical aerosols inhaled by the human body after electron fumigation is very complex and includes nicotine, nitrosamines, carbonyl compounds, heavy metals, free radicals, reactive oxygen species, particulate matter, and “emerging chemicals of concern”, which further demonstrates the potential harm of smoking e-cigarettes. Studies have shown that smoking e-cigarettes may increase the risk of lung disease ( Cheng et al, 2022 ) and cardiovascular disease ( Fetterman et al, 2020 ; Lee et al, 2019 ) and may cause harm to the liver ( Espinoza-Derout et al, 2019 ), urinary system ( Lee et al, 2018 ), and immune system ( Martin et al, 2016 ).…”