Dynamics of stab wounds: force required for penetration of various cadaveric human tissues

O'Callaghan, P. T. O.; Jones, Michael David; James, D B; Leadbeatter, Stephen; Holt, Catherine Avril; Nokes, Leonard Derek Martin

doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(99)00115-2

Cited by 82 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Comparing our own results to those from the literature in Table 3 we see that the present experimental results are similar to those of [3] and [4], who used instrumented blades, and to those of [7] and [8] who used testing machines at quasi-static speeds. Our results appear to differ significantly only from the work of [6], whose forces appear to be substantially greater than all other authors. Author Velocity Target material Force [3] Quasi-static, Dynamic…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…The emphasis in this study has been placed on the puncture of skin alone, justified by the widely accepted fact that skin offers the largest protection to puncture until bone or cartilage is reached [3,4,6]. It is clear however, that the underlying tissue also plays an important role and cannot be ignored completely.…”

Section: -20n Present Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies on the topic of stab penetration have focused on experimental testing alone. Typically these studies use customized instrumented knives, where the stab-penetration test is performed by a volunteer holding the blade [3,4,5,6]. An alternative technique, which is used here, is to attach an instrumented blade to a machine which drives the stabbing motion [7,8], offering greater control over a range of test variables.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A combined experimental and numerical study of stab-penetration forces

Annaidh

Cassidy²,

Curtis³

et al. 2013

Forensic Science International

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Publication information Forensic Science International, 233 (1-3): 7-13Publisher Elsevier Item record/more information http://hdl.handle.net/10197/5939 Publisher's statementThis is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Forensic Science International. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Forensic Science International (233, 1-3, (2013) AbstractThe magnitude of force used in a stabbing incident can be difficult to quantify, although the estimate given by forensic pathologists is often seen as 'critical' evidence in medico-legal situations.The main objective of this study is to develop a quantitative measure of the force associated with a knife stabbing biological tissue, using a combined experimental and numerical technique. A series of stab-penetration tests were performed to quantify the force required for a blade to penetrate skin at various speeds and using different 'sharp' instruments. A computational model of blade penetration was developed using ABAQUS/EXPLICIT, a non-linear finite element analysis (FEA) commercial package. This model, which incorporated element deletion along with a suitable failure criterion, is capable of systematically quantifying the effect of the many variables affecting a stab event. This quantitative data could, in time, lead to the development of a predictive model that could help indicate the level of force used in a particular stabbing incident.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: -20n Present Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A combined experimental and numerical study of stab-penetration forces

Annaidh

Cassidy²,

Curtis³

et al. 2013

Forensic Science International

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show abstract

“…However, fixing the head would not be a decisive condition. For a successful penetration in the temporal region, it would be necessary to apply to the knife a force 5 times greater than that necessary to penetrate the skin; and for the parietal region a force 11 times greater [5]. Due to the mass of the knife being very low, the force necessary for the penetration of the blade in the skull would come essentially from the muscular power of the assailant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Head Trauma using A Bladed Weapon

Diallo¹,

Kouitcheu²

2018

IJSR

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“…In 1999, O 'Callaghan et al carried out measurements on human cadaver tissue within the scope of a forensic investigation. They were trying to determine the effort which was expended to carry out a knife attack using individual layers of skin and muscle tissue [13]. O 'Callaghan et al concluded that the force required for penetration of adipose tissue was lower than that required for tissue consisting of skin, fat and muscle (2 N in contrast to 49.5 N).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%