Dynamics of bacterial community structure during blooms of Cochlodinium polykrikoides (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) in Korean coastal waters

Park, Bum Soo; Kim, Joohwan; Kim, Jin Ho; Gobler, Christopher J.; Baek, Seung Ho; Han, Moonsik

doi:10.1016/j.hal.2015.07.004

Cited by 38 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…Interestingly, this variation in bacterial community structure was similarly observed in natural C. polykrikoides bloom samples. Based on a previous study (Park et al., ), Rhodobacteraceae showed the highest abundance at the early bloom stage, which corresponds to the lag phase in laboratory cultures, and its abundance gradually decreased thereafter, followed by an increase in the abundance of C. polykrikoides . Moreover, the relative abundance of Flavobacteriaceae increased together with the growth of C. polykrikoides .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…These findings suggest that Rhodobacteraceae and Flavobacteriaceae may be closely associated with C. polykrikoides blooms. Puniceicoccaceae and Rhodobiaceae were the joint second most dominant bacterial families in culture (Figure 1), whereas in natural bloom samples these taxa were not observed as dominant taxa (Park et al, 2015). These discrepancies may be caused by differences in the tools used for the analysis of bacterial communities rather than a genuine difference in the bacterial community structures between the samples from the laboratory culture and from the field.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Thus, it is thought to be important to elucidate the mechanisms of C. polykrikoides blooms from initiation to termination. According to our previous work (Park et al, 2015), several bacterial taxa among the phytoplankton-associated FLB, such as the orders Rhodobacterales and Flavobacteriales, may contribute to the initiation and maintenance of C. polykrikoides blooms in Korean coastal waters. However, our previous study did not provide adequate results for elucidating the interaction between C. polykrikoides and bacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Pyrosequencing reveals specific associations of bacterial clades Roseobacter and Flavobacterium with the harmful dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides growing in culture

et al. 2017

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Harmful algal blooms of the dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides are of worldwide environmental concern. Previous field studies have demonstrated the association of such algal blooms with free‐living bacteria (FLB) and particle‐associated bacteria (PAB). In the present study, we report evidence for bacterial association with C. polykrikoides in laboratory culture. Sampling was performed at different growth stages (lag, exponential and stationary) and pyrosequencing was used to identify taxa. As a result, the community structures of FLB and PAB were elucidated and significant differences between FLB and PAB were identified by hierarchical cluster analysis and the similarity profiles test (p = .05). The relative abundances of bacterial operational taxonomic units distinctly changed in response to the different phases of C. polykrikoides growth. The Roseobacter genus Marivita and the Flavobacterium genus Winogradskyella were dominant in the FLB and PAB associated with C. polykrikoides, respectively. The Roseobacter clade, which has also exhibited associations with C. polykrikoides blooms in field samples, may influence host cell growth through the provision of vitamins.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Pyrosequencing reveals specific associations of bacterial clades Roseobacter and Flavobacterium with the harmful dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides growing in culture

et al. 2017

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“…Indeed, although 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic surveys do not directly decode bacterial functionality, they still provide insights on how the different bacterial groups correlate within the assemblages and with the microalgal partner, considering certain metabolic characteristics significant to the groups and to the associated organism (Amin et al., ; Buchan et al., ; Gifford, Sharma, & Moran, ; Newton et al., ). Next Generation Sequencing approaches typically allow a deeper phylogenetic analysis than traditional molecular methods, used in most of the available studies describing bacterial communities associated with toxic dinoflagellates (Garcés et al., ; Jones et al., ; Mayali et al., ; Park et al., ; Yang, Zhou, Zheng, Tian, & Zheng, ), therefore considerably reducing the gap of knowledge on this topic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial dynamics during harmful dinoflagellate Ostreopsis cf. ovata growth: Bacterial succession and viral abundance pattern

2018

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Algal–bacterial interactions play a major role in shaping diversity of algal associated bacterial communities. Temporal variation in bacterial phylogenetic composition reflects changes of these complex interactions which occur during the algal growth cycle as well as throughout the lifetime of algal blooms. Viruses are also known to cause shifts in bacterial community diversity which could affect algal bloom phases. This study investigated on changes of bacterial and viral abundances, bacterial physiological status, and on bacterial successional pattern associated with the harmful benthic dinoflagellate Ostreopsis cf. ovata in batch cultures over the algal growth cycle. Bacterial community phylogenetic structure was assessed by 16S rRNA gene ION torrent sequencing. A comparison between bacterial community retrieved in cultures and that one co‐occurring in situ during the development of the O. cf. ovata bloom from where the algal strain was isolated was also reported. Bacterial community growth was characterized by a biphasic pattern with the highest contributions (~60%) of highly active bacteria found at the two bacterial exponential growth steps. An alphaproteobacterial consortium composed by the Rhodobacteraceae Dinoroseobacter (22.2%–35.4%) and Roseovarius (5.7%–18.3%), together with Oceanicaulis (14.2‐40.3%), was strongly associated with O. cf. ovata over the algal growth. The Rhodobacteraceae members encompassed phylotypes with an assessed mutualistic‐pathogenic bimodal behavior. Fabibacter (0.7%–25.2%), Labrenzia (5.6%–24.3%), and Dietzia (0.04%–1.7%) were relevant at the stationary phase. Overall, the successional pattern and the metabolic and functional traits of the bacterial community retrieved in culture mirror those ones underpinning O. cf. ovata bloom dynamics in field. Viral abundances increased synoptically with bacterial abundances during the first bacterial exponential growth step while being stationary during the second step. Microbial trends also suggest that viruses induced some shifts in bacterial community composition.

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“…The initiation and development of C. polykrikoides blooms have been shown to be related to multiple factors, including stimulation by nutrients such as nitrogen and vitamins (18,19), mixotrophy (20), the production of extracellular toxins lethal to grazers (21)(22)(23), bacterial mutualism (24), and allelopathic effects on competing phytoplankton (25). Recently, definitive evidence of resting cyst production by North American clones of C. polykrikoides provided a mechanism to account for the recurrence of annual blooms in given locales as well as the global expansion of C. polykrikoides blooms during the past 2 decades (10).…”

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confidence: 99%

Mapping the Distribution of Cysts from the Toxic Dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides in Bloom-Prone Estuaries by a Novel Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Assay

Hattenrath-Lehmann

Zhen

Wallace

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Cochlodinium polykrikoides is a cosmopolitan dinoflagellate that is notorious for causing fish-killing harmful algal blooms (HABs) across North America and Asia. While recent laboratory and ecosystem studies have definitively demonstrated that Cochlodinium forms resting cysts that may play a key role in the dynamics of its HABs, uncertainties regarding cyst morphology and detection have prohibited even a rudimentary understanding of the distribution of C. polykrikoides cysts in coastal ecosystems. Here, we report on the development of a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay using oligonucleotide probes specific for the large subunit (LSU) ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of C. polykrikoides. The LSU rDNA-targeted FISH assay was used with epifluorescence microscopy and was iteratively refined to maximize the fluorescent reaction with C. polykrikoides and minimize cross-reactivity. The final LSU rDNA-targeted FISH assay was found to quantitatively recover cysts made by North American isolates of C. polykrikoides but not cysts formed by other common cyst-forming dinoflagellates. The method was then applied to identify and map C. polykrikoides cysts across bloom-prone estuaries. Annual cyst and vegetative cell surveys revealed that elevated densities of C. polykrikoides cysts (>100 cm ؊3 ) during the spring of a given year were spatially consistent with regions of dense blooms the prior summer. The identity of cysts in sediments was confirmed via independent amplification of C. polykrikoides rDNA. This study mapped C. polykrikoides cysts in a natural marine setting and indicates that the excystment of cysts formed by this harmful alga may play a key role in the development of HABs of this species. Resting cysts of dinoflagellates can be associated with genetic recombination, maintenance of blooms, termination of blooms, recurrence of annual blooms, resistance against unfavorable environmental conditions, protection from viruses, grazers, or parasite attacks, and geographical expansion of populations (1-10). Resting cysts, therefore, play an important role in the ecology of harmful algal blooms (HABs) caused by dinoflagellates (8, 11) and have been considered a fundamental attribute of dinoflagellate life cycles (12). About 200 marine and freshwater dinoflagellates are known to produce resting cysts, a small number relative to the ϳ2,300 extant dinoflagellate species (5, 11, 13). More than 20 of these cyst-producing dinoflagellates are known to cause harmful algal blooms (HABs) (5), including Cochlodinium polykrikoides Margalef (10).Cochlodinium polykrikoides Margalef is an unarmored dinoflagellate that has caused fish-killing HABs in locations across much of Asia and North America (14-17). The initiation and development of C. polykrikoides blooms have been shown to be related to multiple factors, including stimulation by nutrients such as nitrogen and vitamins (18, 19), mixotrophy (20), the production of extracellular toxins lethal to grazers (21-23), bacterial mutualism (24), and allelopathic effects on competing phy...

show abstract

Dynamics of bacterial community structure during blooms of Cochlodinium polykrikoides (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) in Korean coastal waters

Cited by 38 publications

References 58 publications

Pyrosequencing reveals specific associations of bacterial clades Roseobacter and Flavobacterium with the harmful dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides growing in culture

Pyrosequencing reveals specific associations of bacterial clades Roseobacter and Flavobacterium with the harmful dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides growing in culture

Microbial dynamics during harmful dinoflagellate Ostreopsis cf. ovata growth: Bacterial succession and viral abundance pattern

Mapping the Distribution of Cysts from the Toxic Dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides in Bloom-Prone Estuaries by a Novel Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Assay

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