Dynamic, Not Isometric Resistance Training Improves Muscle Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Hypertrophy in Rats

Abstract

This study aimed to compare the effects of dynamic (DRT) and isometric (IRT) resistance training on blood glucose, muscle redox capacity, inflammatory state, and muscle strength and hypertrophy. Fifteen 12-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into three groups: control group (CTL), DRT, and IRT, n = 5 animals per group. The animals were submitted to a maximal weight carried (MWC; every 15 days) and maximum isometric resistance (MIR; pre- and post-training) tests. Both training protocols were performed five times a week during 12 weeks, consisting of one set of eight uninterrupted climbs for 1 min with a 30% overload of MWC. The animals in the IRT group remained under isometry for 1 min. The DRT group experienced greater MWC from pre- to post-training compared to the CTL and IRT groups (p < 0.0001). The DRT and IRT groups displayed similar gains in MIR (p = 0.3658). The DRT group exhibited improved glycemic homeostasis (p = 0.0111), redox (p < 0.0001), and inflammatory (p < 0.0001) balance as compared with CTL and IRT groups. In addition, the improved glycemic profile was associated with an increase in muscle strength and hypertrophy, improvement in redox balance and inflammation status. We conclude that DRT was more effective than IRT on increasing cross-sectional area, but not muscle strength, in parallel to improved blood glucose, inflammatory status, and redox balance.

Faster and Healthier: Relationship between Telomere and Performance in Master Athletes

“…The biochemical procedures used for the CAT and TBARS analysis were the same as described previously [8]. Chronic inflammation was measured by the ratio of proinflammatory interleukin-6 (IL6) to anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL10) as proposed by Neves et al [19]. The TL measurement was performed by extracting the DNA from peripheral blood nuclear cells and assessed using real-time PCR following the protocol originally suggested by Cawthon [20] and previously described by Simoes, Sousa, Dos Santos Rosa, et al [7].…”

Muscle hypertrophy and ladder‐based resistance training for rodents: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Rodent sample number per group varied from 4 to 18 rats. Twenty‐three articles described the rat's initial body mass (Antonio‐Santos et al., 2016; Cassilhas et al., 2013; Deus et al., 2012; Deschenes et al., 1994; Deschenes, Sherman, Roby, Glass, & Harris, 2015; Domingos et al., 2012; Gil & Kim, 2015; Grans et al., 2014; Hornberger & Farrar, 2004; Jung et al., 2015; Krause Neto & Gama, 2017; Lee, Hong, & Kim, 2016; Mônico‐Neto et al, 2015; Nascimento et al., 2013; Neves et al, 2019; Padilha et al, 2017; Padilha et al., 2019; Prestes et al, 2009, 2012; Ribeiro et al, 2017; Shamsi et al, 2013; Souza et al., 2014; Tibana et al, 2017). Ladder‐based equipment structure varied from 1–1.3 m of height and 70–90° of inclination between studies.…”

“…The muscles included in the selected articles were quadriceps femoris (Luciano et al, 2017; Neves et al, 2019), soleus (Cassilhas et al., 2013; Deschenes et al., 1994, 2000, 2015; Grans et al., 2014; Krause Neto & Gama, 2017; Padilha et al, 2017; Padilha et al., 2019; Prestes et al, 2012; Ribeiro et al, 2017; Shamsi et al, 2013), tibialis anterior [TA] (Jung et al., 2015; Lee et al, 2016; Neves et al, 2019; Prestes et al, 2012), gastrocnemius (Cassilhas et al., 2013; Grans et al., 2014; Lee et al, 2016; Ribeiro et al, 2017; Souza et al., 2014; Tibana et al, 2017), plantaris (Cassilhas et al., 2013; Deschenes et al., 2015; Mônico‐Neto et al, 2015; Padilha et al., 2019), FHL (Chi, Hou, Wu, Wang, & Yu, 2020; Gil & Kim, 2015; Hornberger & Farrar, 2004; Lee et al, 2016, 2018; Lee & Farrar, 2003; Padilha et al., 2019; Shamsi et al, 2014), extensor digitorum longus [EDL] (Deschenes et al., 1994; Krause Neto & Gama, 2017; Lim et al, 2018), flexor digitorum profundus [FDP] (Chi et al., 2020; Kwon et al, 2018), flexor digitorum longus [FDL] (Cassilhas et al., 2013), tríceps brachialis (Nascimento et al., 2013) and bíceps brachialis (Souza et al., 2014).…”

“…Considering the analysis of myofibers hypertrophy, 16 articles measured the mean fCSA (Cassilhas et al., 2013; Chi et al., 2020; Deschenes et al., 2000, 2015; Jung et al., 2015; Krause Neto & Gama, 2017; Kwon et al, 2018; Lee et al, 2018; Lim et al, 2018; Luciano et al, 2017; Nascimento et al., 2013; Neves et al, 2019; Padilha et al, 2017; Padilha et al., 2019; Prestes et al, 2012; Tibana et al, 2017).…”

“…About quadriceps femoris, two articles demonstrated fCSA hypertrophy (Luciano et al, 2017; Neves et al, 2019).…”