Dynamic Light Scattering as a Powerful Tool for Gold Nanoparticle Bioconjugation and Biomolecular Binding Studies

Jans, Hilde; Liu, Xiong; Austin, Lauren A.; Maes, Guido; Huo, Qun

doi:10.1021/ac901822w

Cited by 336 publications

(284 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…A red shift and a broadening of the absorption band were observed in the presence of BSA. These changes indicate that BSA has adsorbed on the surface of AuNPs [17]. Although it may seem unusual that the negatively charged, citrate-coated AuNPs could adsorb onto BSA, which is also negatively charged overall at pH 7.2, BSA has 60 surface lysine residues that can be protonated and interact electrostatically with the negatively charged AuNPs [29].…”

Section: Effect Of Bsa Concentration On the Aunps Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have investigated the influence of AuNP size on the conformation of cytochrome c [14]; and the effect of pH on the conformation of BSA adsorbed on the surface of AuNPs [15]. Fluorescence spectroscopy [11,16], dynamic light scattering [8,17], circular dichroism [9,18], Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) [19], nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy [20], surface enhanced Raman scattering [21], time-correlated single photon counting spectroscopy [13,22] are among a variety of techniques commonly used to characterize AuNPs-protein interactions. The combination of different techniques will give us insight into the interactions of AuNPs and proteins.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectroscopic investigation of the interactions between gold nanoparticles and bovine serum albumin

Shi

Xie

et al. 2012

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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The interactions between bovine serum albumin (BSA) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and the conformational changes of BSA induced by this interaction, were investigated by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared in combination with attenuated total reflection spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The critical adsorption density for preventing AuNP aggregation in 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.2) was 23 BSA molecules per gold particle or 3.8×1012 BSA molecules/cm 2 . BSA bound to the AuNPs with high affinity (binding constant K s =7.59×10 8 L/mol), and the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA was quenched by the AuNPs in accordance with the static quenching mechanism. Both fluorescence spectroscopy and ATR-FTIR showed that AuNPs induced conformational changes in BSA, which resulted in it becoming less compact and increased the polarity of the microenvironment around the tryptophan residue Trp-212.

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Section: Effect Of Bsa Concentration On the Aunps Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroscopic investigation of the interactions between gold nanoparticles and bovine serum albumin

Shi

Xie

et al. 2012

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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“…DLS and ELS were carried out as described in refs. [82][83][84][85][86]. SDS/PAGE and Western blotting analyses were performed according to the procedures outlined in refs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanospherical arabinogalactan proteins are a key component of the high-strength adhesive secreted by English ivy

Huang

Wang

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Over 130 y have passed since Charles Darwin first discovered that the adventitious roots of English ivy (Hedera helix) exude a yellowish mucilage that promotes the capacity of this plant to climb vertical surfaces. Unfortunately, little progress has been made in elucidating the adhesion mechanisms underlying this high-strength adhesive. In the previous studies, spherical nanoparticles were observed in the viscous exudate. Here we show that these nanoparticles are predominantly composed of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), a superfamily of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins present in the extracellular spaces of plant cells. The spheroidal shape of the AGP-rich ivy nanoparticles results in a low viscosity of the ivy adhesive, and thus a favorable wetting behavior on the surface of substrates. Meanwhile, calciumdriven electrostatic interactions among carboxyl groups of the AGPs and the pectic acids give rise to the cross-linking of the exuded adhesive substances, favor subsequent curing (hardening) via formation of an adhesive film, and eventually promote the generation of mechanical interlocking between the adventitious roots of English ivy and the surface of substrates. Inspired by these molecular events, a reconstructed ivy-mimetic adhesive composite was developed by integrating purified AGP-rich ivy nanoparticles with pectic polysaccharides and calcium ions. Information gained from the subsequent tensile tests, in turn, substantiated the proposed adhesion mechanisms underlying the ivy-derived adhesive. Given that AGPs and pectic polysaccharides are also observed in bioadhesives exuded by other climbing plants, the adhesion mechanisms revealed by English ivy may forward the progress toward understanding the general principles underlying diverse botanic adhesives.ivy nanoparticle | ivy adhesive | arabinogalactan protein | adhesion mechanism | reconstructed adhesive A lthough there is a growing interest in exploring mechanisms regulating a variety of adhesive behaviors in the animal kingdom (1-6), the molecular basis allowing creeping plants, such as English ivy (Hedera helix), to generate sufficient adhesive force, aiding in clinging to vertical surfaces, is rarely discussed (Fig. 1A). Previous studies have emphasized mechanical strategies exploited by multiple climbing organs that evolve in plants (7-11). Nevertheless, the role of the glue-like viscous exudates that are observed on the majority of these organs and that cement the plants to the substrates has been less explored (10,12,13). Diverse polysaccharides and glycoproteins, comprising mucilaginous pectins, arabinogalactans, arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), and many others, have been identified to be the predominant components in these adhesive substances (14-17); however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the high-strength adhesion remain elusive.By means of atomic force microscopy (AFM), bulk spherical organic nanoparticles have been observed in the exudates derived from the root hairs of English ivy (18-20). These proteinaceous nanoparticles are presum...

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“…The most widely used technique for size determination in the field of nanomedicine is dynamic light scattering (DLS), which measures the hydrodynamic diameter of the nanoparticles (NPs). [11][12][13][14][15][16] DLS is wellestablished and has indisputable advantages in the size characterization of the NPs, e.g. easy-touse instrumentations, fast and low-cost operation, but it is not capable of a traceable size determination as there is no general relationship between the hydrodynamic diameter and the physical size of the NPs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size Determination of a Liposomal Drug by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Using Continuous Contrast Variation

et al. 2016

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The continuously growing complexity of nanodrugs urges for complementary characterization techniques which can elude the current limitations. In this paper, the applicability of continuous contrast variation in small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) for the accurate size determination of a complex nanocarrier is demonstrated on the example of PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (Caelyx®). The mean size and average electron density of Caelyx® was determined by SAXS using a gradient of aqueous iodixanol (Optiprep®), an iso-osmolar suspending medium. The study is focused on the isoscattering point position and the analysis of the Guinier region of the scattering curves recorded at different solvent densities. An average diameter of (69 ± 5) nm and 2 electron density of (346.2 ± 1.2) nm -3 was determined for the liposomal formulation of doxorubicin. The response of the liposomal nanocarrier to increasing solvent osmolality and the structure of the liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin after the osmotic shrinkage of the liposome are evaluated with sucrose contrast variation in SAXS and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS).In case of using sucrose as contrast agent, a clear osmolality threshold at 670 mOsm kg -1 was observed above which the liposomal drug carriers start to shrink, though preserving the intraliposomal doxorubicin structure. The average size obtained by this technique is smaller than the value measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS), though this difference is expected due to the hydrodynamic size of the PEG moieties attached to the liposomal surface, which are not probed with solvent contrast variation in SAXS. The advantages and drawbacks of the proposed technique are discussed in comparison to DLS, the most frequently used sizing method in nanomedicine.

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Dynamic Light Scattering as a Powerful Tool for Gold Nanoparticle Bioconjugation and Biomolecular Binding Studies

Cited by 336 publications

References 29 publications

Spectroscopic investigation of the interactions between gold nanoparticles and bovine serum albumin

Spectroscopic investigation of the interactions between gold nanoparticles and bovine serum albumin

Nanospherical arabinogalactan proteins are a key component of the high-strength adhesive secreted by English ivy

Size Determination of a Liposomal Drug by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Using Continuous Contrast Variation

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