Dynamic Hybrid Metasurfaces

Abdollahramezani, Sajjad; Hemmatyar, Omid; Taghinejad, Mohammad; Taghinejad, Hossein; Kiarashinejad, Yashar; Zandehshahvar, Mohammadreza; Fan, Tianren; Deshmukh, Sanchit; Eftekhar, Ali A.; Cai, Wenshan; Pop, Eric; El‐Sayed, Mostafa A.; Adibi, Ali

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03625

Cited by 104 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In addition, although the phase transition of metasurface was demonstrated by using thermal control, reconfigurable electrical/optical tunning is also possible for the proposed approach and platform for reversible phase change of GST metasurface. [ 36,53–57 ] Recent studies have achieved controllable phase change metasurface through Joule heating where a 15–50 nm Al 2 O 3 capping layer was deposited to protect the devices. [ 53,54 ] A thin layer of dielectric (e.g., SiO 2 or Al 2 O 3 ) or indium tin oxide could be uniformly coated on the nanopillars by atomic layer deposition for optically or electrically controlled multilevel GST crystallization and reversible phase transition, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controllable Polarization‐Insensitive and Large‐Angle Beam Switching with Phase‐Change Metasurfaces

Nemati

Yuan

Deng

et al. 2022

Advanced Optical Materials

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The development of high‐efficiency compact non‐mechanical beam tuning devices has attracted a lot of attention for light detection and ranging, augmented reality display, and chip‐to‐chip communication. Owing to the fast wavefront manipulation in an ultra‐thin dimension, metasurfaces have been regarded as potential substitutes for traditional tunable optical components toward further miniaturization and low power consumption. However, most beam tuning metasurfaces currently are polarization‐sensitive and designed to work in reflection mode, which limit their applications in integrated optical systems for full‐range steering. In this paper, a transmission mode polarization‐insensitive beam switching metasurface based on nonvolatile phase‐change material Ge2Sb2Te5 is proposed and experimentally demonstrated at the telecommunication wavelength. The high transmission efficiency with a large switching angle of up to 75° is achievable for potentially full‐range beam steering applications. As a proof of concept, the transmitted beam with a switching angle of 15° and directivity of 82.4% is demonstrated. In addition, by controlling the phase transition in the intermediate states, the metasurface can be used as a tunable beam splitter to control the ratio of the beam power between two predesigned transmission angles. The demonstrated phase‐change metasurfaces pave the way for achieving high‐efficiency dynamic beam steering for various important applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controllable Polarization‐Insensitive and Large‐Angle Beam Switching with Phase‐Change Metasurfaces

Nemati

Yuan

Deng

et al. 2022

Advanced Optical Materials

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“…Besides utilizing optical metasurface architectures, thermally tunable active phase change materials (PCMs), such as germanium antimony telluride (GeSbTe or GST) chalcogenide [19][20][21], perovskite manganese oxide [22], samarium nickel oxide (SmNiO 3 ) [23], and most importantly vanadium dioxide (VO 2 ) [24], can be used as an ideal scheme to control the thermally tuned optical response. The usage of PCMs with diverse optical properties brings up a unique solution in different technologies [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mid-infrared adaptive thermal camouflage using a phase-change material coupled dielectric nanoantenna

Buhara¹,

Ghobadi²,

Khalichi³

et al. 2021

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Recently, camouflage technology has attracted researchers’ attention in a large variety of thermal applications. As a special phase change material (PCM), vanadium dioxide (VO2) is an excellent candidate for the studies conducted on thermal camouflage technology. VO2 has a transition from the insulator phase to the metal phase with the increase of the temperature. With regards to this unique feature, VO2 can contribute dynamic properties to the camouflage design. In this paper, a PCM–dielectric based metamaterial mid-infrared adaptive thermal camouflage nanoantenna is designed to perfectly mimic the atmospheric windows. The adaptive property of the proposed structure is obtained by using an ultrathin VO2 interlayer embedded within the grating. The spectral responses of the structure are computed using the finite difference time domain method, and the invisibility of the structure is proved using power calculations in the different mid-infrared regions.

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“…Amongst existing PCMs, archetypal compound germanium antimony telluride (Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 or GST for short) has been vastly exploited in commercial rewritable optical disk storage technology and phase-change electronic memory applications exhibits attractive intrinsic features including non-volatility (long retention time of at least 10 years), ultrafast switching speed (10s-100s of ns), high switching robustness (potentially up to 10 12 cycles), considerable scalability (down to nanometer-scale lengths), low energy transition (down to a few aJ/nm 3 ), compatibility with CMOS processes, and good thermal stabil-ity, among others [24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Given the unique optical and electrical properties of GST, recently, significant attention has been paid toward the implementation of reconfigurable metadevices based on these properties [31][32][33][34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrically driven programmable phase-change meta-switch reaching 80% efficiency

Abdollahramezani,

Hemmatyar,

Taghinejad

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Despite recent advances in active metaoptics, efficient wide dynamic range combined with highspeed reconfigurable solutions is still elusive. Phase-change materials (PCMs) offer a compelling platform for metasurface optical elements, owing to the large index contrast and fast yet stable phase transition properties. Here, we experimentally demonstrate an in situ electrically driven reprogrammable metasurface by harnessing the unique properties of a phase-change chalcogenide alloy, Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST), in order to realize non-volatile, reversible, multilevel, fast, and pronounced optical modulation in the near-infrared spectral range. Co-optimized through a multiphysics analysis, we integrate an efficient heterostructure resistive microheater that indirectly heats and transforms the embedded GST film without compromising the optical performance of the metasurface even after several reversible phase transitions. A hybrid plasmonic-PCM meta-switch with a record eleven-fold change in the reflectance (an absolute reflectance contrast reaching 80%), unprecedented quasi-continuous spectral tuning over 250 nm, and operation speed that can potentially reach a few kHz is presented. Our work represents a significant step towards the development of fully integrable dynamic metasurfaces and their potential for beamforming applications.

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Dynamic Hybrid Metasurfaces

Cited by 104 publications

References 36 publications

Controllable Polarization‐Insensitive and Large‐Angle Beam Switching with Phase‐Change Metasurfaces

Controllable Polarization‐Insensitive and Large‐Angle Beam Switching with Phase‐Change Metasurfaces

Mid-infrared adaptive thermal camouflage using a phase-change material coupled dielectric nanoantenna

Electrically driven programmable phase-change meta-switch reaching 80% efficiency

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