Dynamic expression of matrix metalloproteinases�2, 9 and�13 in ovariectomy‑induced osteoporosis rats

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to examine the dynamic expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9 and MMP-13 in an ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis rat model. A total of 80 Sprague-Dawley female rats (age, 3 months) were randomly divided into the OVX and sham groups, with 40 rats in each group. Rats in the sham group received sham surgery, while the remaining rats were ovariectomized. After 12, 16, 20 and 24 weeks, 10 rats from each group were randomly sacrificed, respectively. It was observed that the bone mineral density (BMD) and the trabecular bone area in the OVX group were significantly lower as compared with those in the sham group (P<0.01). The expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were negatively correlated with the BMD, while MMP-13 was positively correlated with the BMD. The expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 increased more abruptly and were significant higher in the OVX group in comparison with those in the sham group between 12 and 24 weeks after surgery (P<0.01). More specifically, the MMP-9 mRNA expression level in the OVX group increased abruptly between 12 and 24 weeks after surgery. By contrast, in the sham group, the MMP-9 mRNA level was undetectable between 12 and 16 weeks, and increased steadily between 16 and 24 weeks. Furthermore, the mRNA and protein expression levels of MMP-13 initially increased and then decreased in the OVX group (P<0.01 vs. the sham group), whereas they continuously increased in the sham group between 12 and 24 weeks after surgery. In conclusion, MMP-2, MMP-9 and MMP-13 regulated the development of osteoporosis, and MMP-9 may be used as an important marker in the early diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Matrix metalloproteinase 9 a potential major player connecting atherosclerosis and osteoporosis in high fat diet fed rats

“…Detection of MMP-9 and NF-kB gene expression by real time Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real time-PCR) in aorta and tibia of rats [26].…”

Effects of 12-Week Exercise Program on Enzyme Activity of Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 in Female Patients with Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Randomized Control Study

“…Moreover, this can provide a valuable tool for evaluating osteoporotic patient response on well designed exercise training. Since MMP-9 was demonstrated to regulate the occurrence and development of osteoporosis [8] it may serve as a potential marker for the prediction and diagnostic method for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Also, if this marker was to be used clinically as a surrogate marker for techniques designed primarily or secondarily affecting ECM structure, consideration should be given to different reference ranges in younger and older osteoporotic patients, as well as their medical therapy.…”

“…One of the principle modes of MMPs' regulation is through specific inhibition by direct binding to ECM secreted, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, TIMPs (21-29 kDa) [7]. e association between MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, and MMP-13 with the pathogenesis of osteoporosis has been demonstrated in different studies [5,8,9]. ese are essential proteolytic enzymes responsible for early bone resorption because they degrade the collagen layer of the bone surface before demineralization begins [5,8].…”

“…e association between MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, and MMP-13 with the pathogenesis of osteoporosis has been demonstrated in different studies [5,8,9]. ese are essential proteolytic enzymes responsible for early bone resorption because they degrade the collagen layer of the bone surface before demineralization begins [5,8]. e complexity of the treatment of osteoporosis is reflected in the application of pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapy.…”

“…e closer mechanism of these protective possibilities has to be clarified. e serum MMP-9 concentration was observed to be negatively correlated with BMD (bone mineral density) and is considered as a biochemical marker of bone resorption and remodeling [13,14] and an important marker in the early diagnosis of osteoporosis [8].…”