Dynamic control of capillary flow in porous media by electroosmotic pumping

Rosenfeld, Tally; Bercovici, Moran

doi:10.1039/c8lc01077c

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Recently, a study on a fluid control method using electro-osmotic pumping has been conducted [82]. Applying a direct current voltage to electrodes on both sides of the wet paper causes the liquid to move toward one pole.…”

Section: Wettability-based Active Valvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances of Fluid Manipulation Technologies in Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices (μPADs) toward Multi-Step Assays

Kim¹,

Hahn

Kim

2020

Micromachines

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Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) have been suggested as alternatives for developing countries with suboptimal medical conditions because of their low diagnostic cost, high portability, and disposable characteristics. Recently, paper-based diagnostic devices enabling multi-step assays have been drawing attention, as they allow complicated tests, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which were previously only conducted in the laboratory, to be performed on-site. In addition, user convenience and price of paper-based diagnostic devices are other competitive points over other point-of-care testing (POCT) devices, which are more critical in developing countries. Fluid manipulation technologies in paper play a key role in realizing multi-step assays via μPADs, and the expansion of biochemical applications will provide developing countries with more medical benefits. Therefore, we herein aimed to investigate recent fluid manipulation technologies utilized in paper-based devices and to introduce various approaches adopting several principles to control fluids on papers. Fluid manipulation technologies are classified into passive and active methods. While passive valves are structurally simple and easy to fabricate, they are difficult to control in terms of flow at a specific spatiotemporal condition. On the contrary, active valves are more complicated and mostly require external systems, but they provide much freedom of fluid manipulation and programmable operation. Both technologies have been revolutionized in the way to compensate for their limitations, and their advances will lead to improved performance of μPADs, increasing the level of healthcare around the world.

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Section: Wettability-based Active Valvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances of Fluid Manipulation Technologies in Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices (μPADs) toward Multi-Step Assays

Kim¹,

Hahn

Kim

2020

Micromachines

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“…In contrast to equation , extensively validated for capillary and microchip electrophoretic separations [18], there are only a few models of

K_{e o}

for porous media, mainly based on modeling the paper substrate as a bunch of non‐interconnected capillary tubes [12, 15, 19]. In such models, the

ζ

‐potential associated to electroosmotic flow (EOF) in paper substrates (

ζ_{p}

) plays the role of an operational parameter, whose value condenses most of the assumptions performed by such models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, the scarce

ζ_{p}

values reported calculated using other porous media models, also show great scatter. For instance, Rosenfeld and Bercovici [19] obtained

ζ_{p} = - 45 mV

starting from an EOF measurement in nitrocellulose at

pH = 8

. Also, Leung [20] obtained

ζ_{p} = - 12.5 \pm 6.5 mV

when

pH = 3.7

for Whatman #1 paper using a fiber‐pad streaming potential technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precise electroosmotic flow measurements on paper substrates

et al. 2021

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A novel method for electroosmotic flow (EOF) measurement on paper substrates is presented; it is based on dynamic mass measurements by simply using an analytical balance. This technique provides a more reliable alternative to other EOF measurement methods on porous media. The proposed method is used to increase the amount and quality of the available information about physical parameters that characterize fluid flow on microfluidic paper–based analytical devices (μPADs). Measurements were performed on some of the most frequently used materials for μPADs, i.e., Whatman #1 , S&S, and Muntktell 00A filter paper. Obtained experimental results are consistent with the few previously reported data, either experimental or numerical, characterizing EOF in paper substrates. Moreover, a thorough analysis is presented for the quantification of the different effects that affect the measurements such as Joule effect and evaporation. Experimental results enabled, for the first time, to establish well‐defined electroosmotic characteristics for the three substrates in terms of the magnitude of EOF as funtion of pH, enabling researchers to make a rational choice of the substrate depending on the electrophoretic technique to be implemented. The measurement method can be described as robust, reliable, and affordable enough for being adopted by researchers and companies devoted to electrophoretic μPADs and related technologies.

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“…On the other hand, paper substrates have undergone systematic studies in order to obtain reliable mathematical models for a comprehensive description of all the coupled phenomena that govern the different transport processes [22]. Consequently, a reliable numerical tool for numerically prototyping e‐

μ

PADs in order to obtain robust models for separation techniques and modes of operation became crucial but strongly attached to the applicability of these mathematical models [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulations of paper‐based electrophoretic separations with open‐source tools

et al. 2021

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A new tool for the solution of electromigrative separations in paper‐based microfluidics devices is presented. The implementation is based on a recently published complete mathematical model for describing these types of separations, and was developed on top of the open‐source toolbox electroMicroTransport, based on OpenFOAM®, inheriting all its features as native 3D problem handling, support for parallel computation, and a GNU GPL license. The presented tool includes full support for paper‐based electromigrative separations (including EOF and the novel mechanical and electrical dispersion effects), compatibility with a well‐recognized electrolyte database, and a novel algorithm for computing and controlling the electric current in arbitrary geometries. Additionally, the installation on any operating system is available due to its novel installation option in the form of a Docker image. A validation example with data from literature is included, and two extra application examples are provided, including a 2D free‐flow IEF problem, which demonstrates the capabilities of the toolbox for dealing with computational and physicochemical modeling challenges simultaneously. This tool will enable efficient and reliable numerical prototypes of paper‐based electrophoretic devices to accompany the contemporary fast growth in paper‐based microfluidics.

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Dynamic control of capillary flow in porous media by electroosmotic pumping

Abstract: The paper-based electroosmotic (EO)-pump is used to accelerate/decelerate the capillary-driven velocity, as well as act as a reversible and tunable valve.

Cited by 20 publications

References 43 publications

Recent Advances of Fluid Manipulation Technologies in Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices (μPADs) toward Multi-Step Assays

Recent Advances of Fluid Manipulation Technologies in Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices (μPADs) toward Multi-Step Assays

Precise electroosmotic flow measurements on paper substrates

Numerical simulations of paper‐based electrophoretic separations with open‐source tools

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