Dynamic and Static Restoration Behaviors of Pure Lead and Tin in the Ambient Temperature Range

Hotta, S.; Matsumoto, Keigo; Murakami, Taichi; Narushima, Takayuki; Ouchi, Chiaki

doi:10.2320/matertrans.mra2007078

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…As far as the sample and bar material properties are concerned, they have an influence on the transmission and reflection of waves, see Figure 7. To study the transmission and reflection coefficients, the impedances have to be determined using Equation (8). The values obtained for different materials are summarized in Table 5.…”

Section: Design Of the Dynamic Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of the Mechanical Behavior of a Lead Alloy, from Quasi-Static to Dynamic Loading for a Wide Range of Temperatures

2020

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The current needs in terms of ballistic protection for armed forces require an almost constant improvement in performance to face the constantly evolving threats and scenarios. Ballistic tests are conventionally carried out in order to assess and validate the levels of protection. The challenge is to be able to set up a digital protocol and only carry out final validation tests. Indeed, the advantage of digital simulation lies in the possibility of being able to evaluate a wide variety of configurations. In order to obtain reliable results, it is necessary to use sufficiently precise material behavior models to transcribe the phenomena observed during the impact. Our study focuses on the behavior of a small caliber ammunition with a ductile core impacting personal protection. More particularly on the mechanical behavior of the lead alloy core. Thus, compression tests have been carried out on a wide range of deformation rates, from quasi-static behavior to dynamic regime, at different temperatures. The study in dynamic conditions was carried out using split Hopkinson pressure bars. Due to the material properties, the experimental device had to be adapted in order to optimize the propagation of the waves allowing to measure signals (elastic waves). These tests demonstrate the dependency of the stress with strain rate and temperature. Dynamic restoration and recrystallization phenomena, characteristic of a material deformed in its hot working area, have also been identified. The associated oscillations due to Pochhammer–Chree effect, observable on the stress–strain curves, constitute the major problem for the implementation of behavioral models. Finally, a constitutive model sensitive to strain rate and temperature is investigated for ballistic purposes.

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Section: Design Of the Dynamic Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They expose the strain rate sensitivity and phenomenon resulting of in instabilities in plastic flow at room temperature. Schmidt and Haessner [7], Hotta et al [8] were interested by the recovery and recrystallization phenomena. The tests were carried out for different purities of lead and tin alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Mechanical Behavior of a Lead Alloy, from Quasi-Static to Dynamic Loading for a Wide Range of Temperatures

2020

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“…All the samples showed an inhomogeneous grain structure with the formation of mechanical twins. This is because Pb has a very low recrystallization temperature, which is generally below 0 • C [38]. This low temperature suggests that the recrystallization is complete in the samples processed in air, and the dislocations are minimum.…”

Section: Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of properties of pure lead via underwater friction stir processing for thermoelectric and battery applications

Sekkappan¹,

Valsaraj²,

Lakshminarayanan³

2020

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In this work, friction stir processing of pure lead metal was performed with various processing parameters and with the varied environment (air and underwater) to investigate the effect of the processing on the microstructure, mechanical and thermal properties. The results showed that the underwater processed samples had a more refined grain structure than those processed in air. The least grain size of 5 µm was seen in the sample processed underwater with a rotational speed of 900 rpm (S09) which was the optimum condition. The optimum condition for samples processed in the air was the 650 rpm rotational speed (S03) which revealed the grain size of 12 µm. The tensile strength of the sample S09 increased by 141.94 % from the base metal value while it increased by 77.33 % for the sample S03. The thermal conductivity of the sample S09 decreased by 59.92 % from the base metal value while it decreased by 39.48 % for the sample S03.

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“…These models have been validated for steel [16][17][18][19][20][21], copper [22][23][24], nickel [25], aluminum [26], and various alloys [27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. However, there are only a few experimental reports on the deformation behavior relating to the DRX in pure lead [34][35][36]. This is because, due to the occurrence of recrystallization at room temperature in pure lead, microstructure observations to analyze the progress of DRX and to detect the change in the dislocation densities are significantly challenging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile Testing with Cyclic Strain Holding to Analyze Dynamic Recrystallization of Pure Lead

Muramatsu

Koyama

Watanabe

2014

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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We analyzed the dynamic recrystallization of pure lead by tensile testing with cyclic strain holding at room temperature. The specimens were held at an identical strain and subsequently reloaded, providing the strength before and after the strain holding process. The difference in strength enables factors affecting dynamic recrystallization behavior to be analyzed through mechanical testing. For instance, the effects of strain rate on dynamic recrystallization were analyzed by comparing the results obtained from tensile tests with and without strain holding. This experimental technique demonstrated some parts of contribution of elastic strain, dynamic recovery, dynamic recrystallization, and necking to stress-strain responses.

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Dynamic and Static Restoration Behaviors of Pure Lead and Tin in the Ambient Temperature Range

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Characterization of the Mechanical Behavior of a Lead Alloy, from Quasi-Static to Dynamic Loading for a Wide Range of Temperatures

Characterization of the Mechanical Behavior of a Lead Alloy, from Quasi-Static to Dynamic Loading for a Wide Range of Temperatures

Enhancement of properties of pure lead via underwater friction stir processing for thermoelectric and battery applications

Tensile Testing with Cyclic Strain Holding to Analyze Dynamic Recrystallization of Pure Lead

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