switching the polarization to /-direction. This is because the middle plane now behaves like a virtual ground supporting strong electric fields perpendicular to the x-z plane. The existence of the virtual ground near the antenna elements also obstructs an effective radiation. The /-polarization average gain drops to À6.6 dBi with a smaller cross-polarization ratio of 3.9 dB.The Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) representing the amount of correlation between signals received through the two antenna feeds could be calculated from the measured 3-D radiation patterns [2]. The ECC calculated at several frequency points across the LTE band is less than 0.05. This is a clear improvement from the ECC of around 0.5 measured with the separatedfeed network. The diversity gain of a dual-antenna system estimated from the antenna efficiency, and the ECC indicates the increased amount of received power through communication channel with respect to the stand-alone antenna. The diversity gain is defined at the 10-percent level of the cumulative power distribution [3]. Figure 5 shows the diversity gain for the two feed networks compared with the stand-alone antenna with an antenna efficiency of 70%. The estimated peak diversity gains are 1.2 and 2.5 dB for the separated and the even-odd mode feed networks, respectively.
CONCLUSIONFull set of experiments on a practical dual-antenna handset system operating at 755 MHz are performed to investigate the effectiveness of an even-odd mode feed network. The estimated diversity gain with the even-odd mode feeds improves to 2.5 dB from 1.2 dB obtained with separated feeds. The diversity gain of an ideal dual-antenna system is expected to reach 5.6 dB when the original stand-alone antenna efficiency is maintained, and the correlation between the radiation patterns is totally removed. However, for compact antenna system where the two antennas are placed very close together, it is difficult to obtain a high efficiency for the odd mode unless the antenna system is completely loss-free. Our fabricated even-odd mode feed network still outperforms the regular separated-feed network by eliminating the correlation in radiation patterns.ABSTRACT: A dual-antenna system that consists of a planar meander monopole antenna and a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) in the folder-type mobile phone is proposed. By using the planar monopole type radiating element constructed with meander strips, the monopole antenna provides a degree of miniaturization while retaining a wide impedance bandwidth of