Dust Generated by Vehicular Traffic on Unpaved Roadways: Sizes and Infrared Extinction Characteristics

Pinnick, Ronald G.; Fernandez, G.; Hinds, B. D.; Bruce, Charles W.; Schaefer, R. W.; Pendleton, J. D.

doi:10.1080/02786828508959042

Cited by 56 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…During these experiments, the atmospheric mass loading was extremely high, up to 1.6 g m −3 for the sandy soils and over 2 g m −3 for silty soil. In another set of experiments, involving high aerosol loading generated by blowing dust [6,11], the distributions were also bimodal. The results of these experiments were used in the calculations of the enhancement factor.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The particle size distributions for very heavy aerosol loading, freshly generated by heavy military equipment on unpaved roads, were measured on sandy and silty soils, and, in both cases, the distributions of resuspended soil were bimodal [11]. During these experiments, the atmospheric mass loading was extremely high, up to 1.6 g m −3 for the sandy soils and over 2 g m −3 for silty soil.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the conditions of heavy atmospheric aerosol loading, e.g., during mechanical soil disturbances or very strong winds, the particle size distribution tends to be bimodal, with a large particle component [5,[9][10][11]. This component is transient and residence times in air of large particulates, suspended as a result of mechanical soil disturbance, are only on the order of seconds due to gravitational settling [5].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While freshly generated coarse mode aerosol may have a MMAD of up to about 90 m [11], with time the large particles will rapidly settle out, leaving a distribution enriched with smaller-size particles [9].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling the inhalation enhancement factor in prospective radiological risk assessment

Wasiolek

2009

Radioprotection

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Abstract. Inhalation of suspended particulates originating from contaminated soil is an important exposure pathway that may result from disposal of long-lived solid radioactive waste. A hypothetical scenario was evaluated involving long-term irrigation of agricultural land with contaminated water and ensuing accumulation of radionuclides in surface soil. One of the factors affecting the dose from inhalation of suspended soil particulates is the radionuclide enhancement (enrichment) in airborne soil particles relative to that of the underlying soil. The enhancement factor (enrichment factor) is defined as a ratio of airborne particle activity concentration (Bq kg −1 ) to surface soil activity concentration (Bq kg −1 ). The values of this parameter and its effect on inhalation dose were evaluated for different soil types and inhalation exposure conditions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Modeling the inhalation enhancement factor in prospective radiological risk assessment

Wasiolek

2009

Radioprotection

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“…It encompassed potentially contaminated locations outdoors where the RMEI would conduct activities that would resuspend soil, including dust-generating activities while working (e.g., plowing, excavating, livestock operations), driving on unpaved roads, and performing other outdoor recreational activities (e.g., gardening, landscaping, riding horses, riding motorbikes, and walking on uncompacted soil). Because dust concentrations decrease rapidly after dust-disturbing activities cease (Pinnick et al 1985 Ca h,i,n = Activity concentration of radionuclide i in air from soil resuspension for the assessment of human inhalation exposure (h) in environment n (Bq/m 3 ) f enhance = Enhancement factor for the activity concentration of suspended particulates (dimensionless), which accounts for differences between activity concentrations of surface soil and suspended particles…”

Section: Use Of Atmospheric Mass Loading In the Biosphere Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhalation Exposure Input Parameters for the Biosphere Model

Wasiolek¹

2006

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A two-parameter Weibull function to describe airborne dust particle size distributions

Zobeck

Gill

Popham

1999

Earth Surf. Process. Landforms

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A number of mathematical distributions have been proposed for the description of the particle size distribution of unconsolidated sediments. However, few studies have mathematically described aeolian dust particle size distributions. Recent work has shown mathematically how the sequential fragmentation of materials leads to a Weibull distribution. Since the breakage of aggregates by saltating grains is a primary mode of aeolian dust production, we test the hypothesis that the Weibull distribution may be used to describe airborne soil grains. Surface samples were collected from 52 sites including soils, dirt roads and roadside ditches in the Southern High Plains of west Texas. The samples were tumbled in the Lubbock dust generation, sampling and analysis system to generate a dust cloud. The particle size distribution of the dust was measured in situ by laser diffraction and PM10 concentration was determined gravimetrically (PM10 = airborne particulate matter with diameter ≤10 µm). This study demonstrated that the Weibull cumulative distribution function (c.d.f.) is an excellent choice to describe the particle size distribution of dust suspended from mineral sediment. A Weibull c.d.f. used to describe the dust cloud size distribution, accounted for 94 per cent of the variation in estimates of particles ≤50 µm diameter. The fraction of dust particles ≤10 µm diameter, as estimated using the Weibull, was not correlated to suspended PM10 concentration. However, the fraction of particles ≤10 µm was correlated with properties of the sediment from which the airborne dust was derived. As clay content increased, the total amount of suspended dust increased and the fraction of suspended particles ≤10 µm in the dust cloud decreased. Analyses of variance showed no significant differences (P < 0·05) among sampling locations (roads vs ditches vs soils) for cumulative fraction values for ≤2·5, ≤10, ≤25, ≤30 and ≤50 µm diameter particles. However, the PM10 concentration values were significantly different among dust generated from these locations. The road samples produced about twice the amount of PM10 (490 mg m−3) as the soil or ditch samples (235 mg m−3). Published in 1999 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Dust Generated by Vehicular Traffic on Unpaved Roadways: Sizes and Infrared Extinction Characteristics

Cited by 56 publications

References 14 publications

Modeling the inhalation enhancement factor in prospective radiological risk assessment

Modeling the inhalation enhancement factor in prospective radiological risk assessment

Inhalation Exposure Input Parameters for the Biosphere Model

A two-parameter Weibull function to describe airborne dust particle size distributions

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