Dust cycle: An emerging core theme in Earth system science

Shao, Yaping; Wyrwoll, Karl-Heinz; Chappell, Adrian; Huang, Jianping; Lin, Zhaohui; McTainsh, Grant Harvey; Mikami, Masato; Tanaka, Taichu Y.; Wang, Xulong; Yoon, Soon‐Chang

doi:10.1016/j.aeolia.2011.02.001

Cited by 813 publications

(621 citation statements)

References 186 publications

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“…Dust has a direct influence on Earth's climate because, once in the atmosphere, it alters the radiative balance by scattering and absorbing solar and terrestrial radiation and also because it affects cloud nucleation processes (Engelstaedter et al, 2006;Mahowald et al, 2006;Maher et al, 2010;Shao et al, 2011). In addition, eolian dust influences climate indirectly by supplying iron for phytoplankton growth in Fe-limited ocean waters, which in turn results in drawdown of atmospheric CO 2 and, hence, impacts global temperatures (Prospero et al, 2002;Engelstaedter et al, 2006;Mahowald et al, 2006;Maher et al, 2010;Shao et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source-to-sink magnetic properties of NE Saharan dust in Eastern Mediterranean marine sediments: review and paleoenvironmental implications

et al. 2015

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source-to-sink magnetic properties of NE Saharan dust in Eastern Mediterranean marine sediments: review and paleoenvironmental implications

et al. 2015

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“…Located far from any major source of moisture, and shadowed by Tibetan and central Asian mountain ranges, the Taklimakan is deprived of rainfall, with mean annual precipitation not exceeding 50 mm (1). Provenance studies suggest that mineral dust from the Taklimakan Desert contributes substantially to the global aerosol system, allowing it to play a significant role in modulating global climate on various time scales (2,3). The formation of the Taklimakan Desert therefore marked a major environmental event in central Asia during the Cenozoic, with far-reaching impacts.…”

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Late Oligocene–early Miocene birth of the Taklimakan Desert

Zheng

Xing

Tada

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

166

193

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As the world’s second largest sand sea and one of the most important dust sources to the global aerosol system, the formation of the Taklimakan Desert marks a major environmental event in central Asia during the Cenozoic. Determining when and how the desert formed holds the key to better understanding the tectonic–climatic linkage in this critical region. However, the age of the Taklimakan remains controversial, with the dominant view being from ∼3.4 Ma to ∼7 Ma based on magnetostratigraphy of sedimentary sequences within and along the margins of the desert. In this study, we applied radioisotopic methods to precisely date a volcanic tuff preserved in the stratigraphy. We constrained the initial desertification to be late Oligocene to early Miocene, between ∼26.7 Ma and 22.6 Ma. We suggest that the Taklimakan Desert was formed as a response to a combination of widespread regional aridification and increased erosion in the surrounding mountain fronts, both of which are closely linked to the tectonic uplift of the Tibetan–Pamir Plateau and Tian Shan, which had reached a climatically sensitive threshold at this time.

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“…Despite this, dust deposition is still an important component of current biogeochemical cycles (Shao et al, 2011). Satellite monitoring can provide useful information on spatial and temporal characteristics of dust transport, in addition to atmospheric concentrations for both longer term, e.g., over multiple years (Prospero et al, 2002), and event-based studies (Bullard et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace elements and metal pollution in aerosols at an alpine site, New Zealand: Sources, concentrations and implications

Marx

Lavin

Hageman

et al. 2014

Atmospheric Environment

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Atmospheric aerosol samples were collected at a remote site in New Zealand's Southern Alps. Collected samples were found to be a mixture of New Zealand and Australian sourced sediment, using their trace element signatures. Aerosol concentrations and the relative contribution of different sources was found to be a function of specific air-mass trajectories influencing the study site, dust entrainment rates in source areas and rainfall. Results show that Australian dust is a major source of particulate matter in New Zealand, particularly in remote alpine locations; however, locally derived dust is also important. Metal pollutants, including Pb, Cu and Sn, were enriched in the samples by approximately 15 times and up to >100 times expected natural concentrations, confirming that metal pollution is a ubiquitous component of the atmosphere, even in relatively remote locations. Moreover, pollutants were highly enriched in otherwise clean air, i.e. during and following rainfall. Additionally, high concentrations of elements naturally enriched in sea water, e.g. Sr, Ba and Rb, were deposited alongside mineral dust, reflecting the oceanic origin of air influencing the site and the role of sea spray in contributing aerosol to the atmosphere. These elements experienced the greatest enrichment during rainfall, implying sea spray and pollution become relatively important during otherwise clean air conditions. AbstractAtmospheric aerosol samples were collected at a remote site in New Zealand's Southern Alps. Collected samples were found to be a mixture of New Zealand and Australian sourced sediment, using their trace element signatures. Aerosol concentrations and the relative contribution of different sources was found to be a function of specific air-mass trajectories influencing the study site, dust entrainment rates in source areas and rainfall.Results show that Australian dust is a major source of particulate matter in New Zealand, particularly in remote alpine locations; however, locally derived dust is also important. Metal pollutants, including Pb, Cu and Sn, were enriched in the samples by approximately 15 times and up to >100 times expected natural concentrations, confirming that metal pollution is a ubiquitous component of the atmosphere, even in relatively remote locations. Moreover, pollutants were highly enriched in otherwise clean air, i.e. during and following rainfall.Additionally, high concentrations of elements naturally enriched in sea water, e.g. Sr, Ba and Rb, were deposited alongside mineral dust, reflecting the oceanic origin of air influencing the site and the role of sea spray in contributing aerosol to the atmosphere. These elements experienced the greatest enrichment during rainfall, implying sea spray and pollution become relatively important during otherwise clean air conditions.2

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Dust cycle: An emerging core theme in Earth system science

Cited by 813 publications

References 186 publications

Source-to-sink magnetic properties of NE Saharan dust in Eastern Mediterranean marine sediments: review and paleoenvironmental implications

Source-to-sink magnetic properties of NE Saharan dust in Eastern Mediterranean marine sediments: review and paleoenvironmental implications

Late Oligocene–early Miocene birth of the Taklimakan Desert

Trace elements and metal pollution in aerosols at an alpine site, New Zealand: Sources, concentrations and implications

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