“…reticulatus ). Ticks are considered vectors of numerous pathogens, some of which can be human pathogenic and cause diseases such as Lyme disease or tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) ( Süss and Schrader, 2004 ; Stanek, 2005 ). Ixodes canisuga , is widely distributed in Europe and can infest a wide range of hosts, including primarily carnivores and other mammals, but also birds ( Hillyard, 1996 ; Sándor, 2017 ).…”