Dunking doughnuts into cells—selective cellular translocation and in vivo analysis of polymeric micro-doughnuts

Abstract

Micron-sized polymeric "doughnuts" prepared via dispersion polymerization were found to be highly selective in their cellular translocation abilities.

A one-step electrospray-based technique for modulating morphology and surface properties of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microparticles using Pluronics®

“…7 It has been demonstrated that the morphology of micro-/ nanoparticles can influence biodistribution, cellular uptake, cell internalization pathway, and drug release profile. [8][9][10][11][12] Similarly, surface charge and surface hydrophobicity have been shown to influence the stability of micro-/ nanoparticle suspensions, in vivo blood circulation time, biodistribution, protein adsorption, cellular uptake, and immune response. [13][14][15][16] However, the influence of morphology and surface properties has not been well understood due to the limited ability of existing micro-/nanoparticle preparation techniques to modulate these properties.…”

Monodisperse red blood cell-like particles via consolidation of charged droplets

“…Also, the torus structure might literally be a key structure that red blood cells can squeeze through narrow vessels by changing shape [18]. In addition, artificial torus particles showed the interesting in vivo results; they were detected solely in the liver region after intravenous injection into a mouse, and not in other organs without adverse effects [19].…”

“…Torus structures have previously been generated by several methods such as self-assembly of colloid particles on a hydrophobic liquid [20] or on superhydrophobic surfaces [21], consolidation in microfluids [15], phase separation dispersion during polymerization [19], or consolidation in spray drying [22]. Most methods, except for the polymerization, are based on asymmetrical consolidation mechanisms of solutions or suspensions.…”

Toroidal insulating inhomogeneity in an infinite space and related problems

“…While for two-dimensional non-elliptical inhomogeneities many analytical and numerical results have 'microdonuts' actively used in bioengineering [2]; (c) the toroidal shape of nanoparticles in BaTiO 3 [3]; (d) the formation of toroidal particles of SiO 2 in a Cu matrix due to internal oxidation of a Cu-Si solid-solution polycrystal [4].…”

“…Such inhomogeneities occur in both natural and man-made materials. Figure 1 provides several examples: toroidal particles represent the most desirable morphology of Li 2 O 2 deposition on a porous carbon electrode in lithium-oxygen batteries [5,6]; polymeric 'microdonuts' are used in bioengineering [2]; the toroidal shape of nanoparticles is reported to be preferred for the microwave absorption properties of BaTiO 3 [3]; Onaka et al [4] reported the formation of toroidal particles of SiO 2 in a Cu matrix due to internal oxidation of a Cu-Si solid-solution polycrystal.…”