Duelo prolongado y factores asociados

Abstract

ResumenObjetivo: Describir factores asociados a la presencia de Duelo Prolongado (DP) medido con el cuestionario Prolonged Grief Disorder-13 (PG-13) en pacientes que han perdido a un ser querido entre 6 y 18 meses.Método: Estudio transversal. Dolientes mayores de edad procedentes de atención primaria, hospitales de cuidados paliativos y un equipo de soporte a la atención domiciliaria paliativa en Madrid. Se recogieron variables del fallecido y del doliente: sociodemográficas, socioeconómicas, antecedentes psiquiátricos, utilización de recursos sanitarios, Trastorno por Ansiedad Generalizada (TAG), Trastorno Depresivo Mayor (TDM), apoyo social, percibido y duelo prolongado con PG-13 y el Inventario Texas Revisado de Duelo (ITRD). Se calcularon medidas de tendencia central y distribución de frecuencias, se calculo asociación entre variables con c 2 y t-student, se ajustó modelo multivariante. AbstractObjective: To describe associated factors with the presence of Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) diagnosed by the Prolonged Grief Disorder-13 (PG-13) questionnaire between 6 and 18 months after the loss of a loved one.Method: Cross-sectional study. Adults chosen from a sample coming from primarycare services, hospices, and a home care team, all of them in Madrid.Variables from the deceased and the bereaved were collected: demographic, socioeconomic, psychiatric records, medical visits, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), social perceived support and PGD diagnosed by PG-13 and Texas Revised Inventory of Grief (TRIG). Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with PGD.Results: Prevalence of PGD was 7.023%. PGD was associated with female gender, Proyecto financiado con Fondos de Investigación en Salud del ISCIII (PI12/00952) "Validación y adaptación trascultural del cuestionario Prolonged Grief

Duelo complicado: Una revisión sistemática de la prevalencia, diagnóstico, factores de riesgo y de protección en población adulta de España.

“…Although the study of Estevan et al (2016) finds a higher percentage of women than men with complicated grief, the other studies examining this variable find no significant relationship between gender and this problem (Bermejo et al, 2012;Fernández-Alcántara et al, 2016;Masferrer et al, 2017;Rodríguez et al, 2012;Villacieros et al, 2014).…”

“…Studies using the symptomatic instruments, ICG and TRIG (Barreto et al, 2008;Estevan et al, 2016;Iribarne et al, 2002;Masferrer et al, 2016;Romero & Cruzado, 2016), show higher prevalence data. Between 6 and more than 12 months, the prevalence of complicated grief is between 19.1% (Barreto et al, 2008) and 53.03% (Romero & Cruzado, 2016), whereas the remaining participants show other forms of uncomplicated grief.…”

“…Two articles point out that there is no statistically significant relationship between the age of the mourner and the CG (Ridaura et al, 2017;Villacieros et al, 2014), and two others find no significant differences between the group with complicated grief and normal grief in this variable (Estevan et al, 2016;Masferrer et al, 2017). An inverse relationship between the age of the deceased and the symptomatology of complicated grief is observed (Estevan et al, 2016;Romero & Cruzado, 2016), which is not detected in two other studies comparing age groups of the deceased (Camacho, 2013;Rodríguez et al, 2012).…”

“…Only 6 of the 12 studies analysed include diagnostic prevalence data (Barreto et al, 2008;Estevan et al, 2016;Iribarne et al, 2002;Masferrer et al, 2017;Rodríguez et al, 2012;Romero & Cruzado, 2016). Four of them are the aforementioned works that allude to specific diagnoses of complicated grief and that base their data on diagnostic measures (Barreto et al, 2008;Estevan et al, 2016;Rodríguez et al, 2012;Romero & Cruzado, 2016) although it is important to add that, with the exception of the work of Rodríguez et al (2012), these studies also include prevalence rates based on symptomatic instruments such as the ICG and TRIG. The remaining 2 studies (Iribarne et al, 2002;Masferrer et al, 2017) do not specify a diagnostic category and establish prevalence rates solely based on ICG scores.…”

“…Prevalences derived from diagnostic instruments vary depending on the type of measurement used and the time since the loss. One study using the PG-12 within two months of the loss (Romero & Cruzado, 2016) shows prevalence data of 10.6%, while another study that applies the PG-13 between 6-18 months after the loss (Estevan et al, 2016) shows prevalence data of 7.02%. Similarly, when the consensus criteria for the PGD are used, at 12 months, there are complicated grief percentages of 10.3% (Rodríguez et al, 2012), and of 15.5% when DSM-IV-TR indicators are valued at 6 months (Barreto et al, 2008).…”