Dual vs Single Protease Inhibitor Therapy Following Antiretroviral Treatment Failure<SUBTITLE>A Randomized Trial</SUBTITLE>

Abstract

In this study of antiretroviral-experienced patients with advanced immunodeficiency, viral load suppression to below 200 copies/mL was achieved in 31% of patients with regimens containing 4 or 5 new drugs. Use of 2 PIs, being naive to NNRTIs, and baseline hypersusceptibility to efavirenz were associated with a favorable outcome.

Factors associated with virological response in HIV‐infected patients failing antiretroviral therapy: a prospective cohort study

“…We also found that the use of a new class of antiretroviral drugs, or the use of more than two new drugs in the optimized regimen, was associated with a better virological response to treatment. This is in accordance with the results of the ACTG 398 study, in which the use of efavirenz in patients naive to NNRTIs was associated with a favourable outcome, along with the use of two PIs [16].…”

The Effect of Number of Mutations and of Drug-Class Sparing on Virological Response to Salvage Genotype-Guided Antiretroviral Therapy

“…In our analysis the probability of reaching a durable virological success was not affected by an high number of mutations both for PIs and NNRTIs if patients had a new class to which they had never been exposed or if the genotype testing showed absence of mutations for NNRTI or for PIs, respectively. This result emphasizes the importance of incorporating a drug from a previously unused class, in agreement with reports from clinical trials [21,22] and with prospective observational studies [19,20]. However we think that these findings are not completely explained by the introduction in the genotype-guided antiretroviral regimen of a drug class for which the subject was naive.…”

A Semiparametric Bayesian Approach to Multivariate Longitudinal Data

“…However, the NNRTI experience was estimated to be negative for CD4 count and positive for CD8 count, although neither result was significant. Hammer et al (2002) found that, at 48 weeks, there was no significant difference in mean changes in CD4 cell counts relative to baseline in combined double‐PI arms versus single‐PI placebo, in line with our retaining the hypothesis H 0 : β 12 = 0.…”