Dual‐Use of Seawater Batteries for Energy Storage and Water Desalination

Arnold, Stefanie; Wang, Lei; Presser, Volker

doi:10.1002/smll.202107913

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 229 publications

(401 reference statements)

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“…The derivative of the rechargeable sodium‐ion battery (NIB) is the rechargeable seawater battery, which should carry out simultaneous energy storage and desalination due to its unique configuration (Figure 7e). [110] The seawater battery stores the electrical energy in chemical bonds of Na through the electrolysis (oxidation) of seawater on the cathode and the reduction of Na + ions extracted from seawater on the anode [111] . When the battery is discharged, the stored chemical energy is converted into electricity by transferring Na + ions back into seawater while reducing.…”

Section: Cell Design and Advanced Techniques For Water Desalinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Faradaic Interlayer Confinement and Carbon‐Centered Macrostructure Designs for Ion Capture and the Recovery of Elements

Patil

Kumar

Das

et al. 2023

Chemistry A European J

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Environmental protection associated with renewable energy is among the most critical challenges for translational ion-capture based on capacitive storage of ions in electrical double layers at the interface of electrode and electrolyte. Electric double-layer capacitance with charge induction and faradaic pseudo-capacitance with charge transfer classifies the capacitance of the electrochemical interface. The electrochemical interface in most energy technologies involves porous and pseudocapacitive redox materials that offer varying degrees of electrolyte confinement. In this review, we discuss the factors affecting water desalination, such as the effect of nanopores for ion capture, the ion sieving effect, the effect of hydration energy, and hydration radius in the carbon sub-nanometer pore. Moreover, the surface phenomena of electrodes, including carbon corrosion, and the potential of zero charge to control the oxidation of carbon electrodes are explained along with protection mechanisms. The various capacitive deionization (CDI) operations and the corresponding electrochemical cell technologies are briefly introduced, including the significance of double-layer charging materials with faradaic intercalation, which suffer less from co-ion expulsion. Finally, we revisit the effects of various nanoarchitectures and the construction of capacitive deionization electrodes for clean water technology.

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Section: Cell Design and Advanced Techniques For Water Desalinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Faradaic Interlayer Confinement and Carbon‐Centered Macrostructure Designs for Ion Capture and the Recovery of Elements

Patil

Kumar

Das

et al. 2023

Chemistry A European J

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“…Most electrochemical methods in processing seawater are focused on desalination of sodium and chloride ions. [116] These sodium removal processes could be used as the pre-treatment of seawater to reduce the sodium concentration and reduce the Na + competition with Li + for insertion into intercalation hosts. A two-electrode desalination battery was demonstrated and was composed of Na 2-x Mn 5 O 10 nanorods in the positive electrode and an Ag/AgCl negative electrode, with the experimental setup similar to Figure 4b.…”

Section: Electrochemical LI + Extraction From Seawatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Lithium Extraction Using Intercalation Materials

Wang,

Koenig

2023

Chemistry A European J

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Worldwide lithium (Li) demand has surged in recent years due to increased production of Li‐ion batteries for electric vehicles and stationary storage. Li supply and production will need to increase such that the transition towards increased electrification in the energy sector does not become cost prohibitive. Many countries have taken policy steps such as listing Li as a critical mineral. Current commercial Li mining is mostly from dedicated mine sources, including ores, clays, and brines. The conventional ways to extract Li+ from those resources are through chemical processing. The environmental and economic sustainability of conventional Li processing has recently received increased scrutiny. Routes such as direct Li+ extraction may provide advantages relative to conventional Li+ extraction technologies, and one possible route to direct Li+ extraction includes leveraging of intercalation materials. Intercalation material processing has recently demonstrated high selectivity towards Li+ as opposed to other cations. Reviews and reports of direct Li+extraction with intercalation materials are limited, even as this technology has started to show promise in smaller scale demonstrations. This paper will review selective Li+ extraction via intercalation materials, including both electrochemical and chemical methods to drive Li+ in and out and efforts to characterize the Li+ insertion/deinsertion processes.

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“…Although such systems may possess high theoretical energy density (Na metal has a theoretical capacity of 1166 mAh/g and a high cell voltage of 3.48 V for the following reaction: 4Na + O 2 + 2H 2 O → 4NaOH), they suffer from many drawbacks arising from the continuous consumption of the organic electrolyte solutions at the sealed anode side, which results in poor efficiency and gas generation . The latter induces cracking of the ceramic membranes and the penetration of seawater into the anode side, resulting in fast battery failure . Furthermore, the intricate structure of this system necessitates the use of expensive components, limiting its applicability for LES.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rechargeable Seawater Batteries Based on Polyimide Anodes

Nimkar

Gavriel

Bergman

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Being nearly unlimited natural resource containing mostly Na cations, the use of seawater as an electrolyte solution (aka seawater batteries) for electrochemical energy storage has received growing attention. To date, the vast majority of studies have focused on the use of seawater in Na-metal batteries protected by ion-conductive membranes hermetic to water. These systems, however, are complex and expensive, and suffer from a short cycling life. Here, we present alternative seawater batteries that utilize polyimide anodes. With its high capacity of more than 140 mAh/g, impressive rate capability, and excellent long-term stability (98% capacity retention after more than 9000 cycles), the prepared polyimide electrodes demonstrated to be promising candidate anodes for seawater electrochemical energy storage devices. Looking for a suitable cathode, we explored the use of nickel hexacyanoferrate (Ni-HCF) and activated carbon. Our findings suggest an innovative approach to design sustainable and cost-effective systems for large-scale energy storage.

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Dual‐Use of Seawater Batteries for Energy Storage and Water Desalination

Cited by 25 publications

References 229 publications

Impact of Faradaic Interlayer Confinement and Carbon‐Centered Macrostructure Designs for Ion Capture and the Recovery of Elements

Impact of Faradaic Interlayer Confinement and Carbon‐Centered Macrostructure Designs for Ion Capture and the Recovery of Elements

Direct Lithium Extraction Using Intercalation Materials

Rechargeable Seawater Batteries Based on Polyimide Anodes

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