Dry Degumming of Corn-oil for Biodiesel Using a Tubular Ceramic Membrane

Wibisono, Yusuf; Nugroho, Wahyunanto Agung; Chung, Tsair-Wang

doi:10.1016/j.proche.2014.05.025

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Gum separation by membrane technology is a size‐exclusion‐based, pressure‐driven process . In the crude vegetable oil, the sizes of the triglyceride and phospholipid molecules are 1.5 and 1 nm, and molecular weights are 900 and 700 Da, respectively . These small differences in size and molecular weight cause difficulties in separation using membranes .…”

Section: Degumming Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These alter the chemical composition of oil, which affects its shelf life, quality, color, odor, and the oxidation stability and shelf life of the biodiesel produced Gum may combine with the catalyst during transesterification because of its adhesive nature and block the active catalyst sites by changing the catalyst structure, which results in a lower conversion rate . Deactivation of catalyst can be correlated with gum concentration linearly by the following relation (according to Maxted et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In engine machinery, gum causes the deposition of carbon particles in the combustion chamber, choking filters, lines and injectors, plugging the carburetor, and contaminating lubricants during the combustion of biodiesel. These lead to a decrease in engine efficiency by rotation restrictions …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23,24 • Gum may combine with the catalyst during transesterification because of its adhesive nature and block the active catalyst sites by changing the catalyst structure, which results in a lower conversion rate. 25,26 Deactivation of catalyst can be correlated with gum concentration linearly by the following relation (according to Maxted et al): 27…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Latest advances in degumming feedstock oils for large‐scale biodiesel production

Sharma

Yadav

Upadhyay

2018

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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The removal of gummy or mucilaginous substances from vegetable oils, commonly known as degumming, is required for the use of crude vegetable oils as the feedstock for biodiesel production. These gums reduce the rate of transesterification reactions by deactivation of the catalyst and they hinder the separation of the glycerol phase from the biodiesel. They also cause the deposition of carbon particles within engine machinery and affect performance. To take care of these issues, gums should be separated from the oils to make the oils suitable for use as fuel. Chemical treatment, membrane separation, and biological separation processes have been reported in the literature for this purpose. In the chemical treatment process aqueous solutions of chemicals like acids, bases, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and water are used for separating gums. The membrane separation process is based on size exclusion, and polymeric, ceramic, and inorganic membranes are used to separate gums from oil. In biological degumming, phospholipase groups of enzymes are used. These enzymes hydrolyze gums into fatty acids and lipophilic substances. Enzyme degumming also enhances oil‐phase yield. This paper reviews the chemical nature of gums and presents a comprehensive critical summary of different degumming technologies, their specific features, effecting parameters, advantages and disadvantages, and industrial uses. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Degumming Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Latest advances in degumming feedstock oils for large‐scale biodiesel production

Sharma

Yadav

Upadhyay

2018

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Despite its potential, membrane technology is suffered by fouling [4,5]. Although chemical approach such as modification of surface properties promotes low fouling [6], yet the physical cleaning is still effective [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata biomass harvesting using ultrafiltration in cross-flow mode

Devianto

Aprilia

Indriani

et al. 2018

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Abstract. Microalgae is a potential bioenergy source. It can grows rapidly, even it could be harvested within 7 days. Harvesting is an important part of microalgae cultivation due to the method used. It should be undamaging toward essential content of microalgae and should produces high yields of biomass. In this study, the harvesting of Nannochloropsis oculata was carried out using capillary ultrafiltration in cross flow mode. This study aims to test ultrafiltration membrane performance in Nannochloropsis oculata harvesting accompanied by Backwash and Non-Backwash modes and to analyse its total lipid content. The harvest was done under 1; 1.5; and 2 bar of trans membrane pressure. Some observed parameters were permeate flux, cell density, biomass recovery, microalgae's dry weight, yield, and total lipid content. The application of high pressure and backwashed treatment have boosted slurry production time which lead to microalgae's biomass abundance. The result showed that the best treatment of Nannochloropsis oculata harvesting using capillary ultrafiltration membrane in cross flow mode is under 2 bar of pressure with backwashed treatment. This is the fastest condition to produce slurry within 1800 s with the highest recovery percentage 79.50%, 16.05 x 10 6 cell/ml of post-treatment cell density, 6.8 grams of biomass' dry weight, 22.66 % of yield, and 2.52 % of total lipid content.

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Efficient degumming of crude canola oil using ultrafiltration membranes and bio-derived solvents

Abdellah

Scholes

Liu

et al. 2020

Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies

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Vegetable oils derived from rapeseed and its genetic variant canola, are conventionally extracted from oilseeds by means of an organic solvent, typically hexane. Concerns regarding the toxicity of hexane have meant safer and more environmentally friendly solvents such as terpenes are becoming attractive. In this research, the degumming of canola oil/terpene mixtures using ultrafiltration is considered as a critical step in such an extraction process. Polysulfone (PSF) and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes were found to be ineffective in this application, as the oil appeared to cause swelling of the membrane structure. This meant that the original flux could not be restored after cleaning. Conversely, a ceramic membrane (MWCO 5 kDa) provided stable behaviour over several cycles of operation when cleaned with pure solvent at high cross velocity at 40 °C. This membrane showed high phospholipid retention (95±2 %), although some oil was also retained (16±3%). Cymene emerged as the most attractive of the three terpenes tested, with higher permeate flux and phospholipid rejection than limonene or pinene. Industrial Relevance: While hexane has been traditionally used for oilseed extraction, toxicity concerns are likely to restrict its industrial use in the future. This article provides information to engineers and food scientists on the use of terpenes as an alternative solvent. In particular, the potential for ultrafiltration to be used in degumming of canola oil/terpene mixture is assessed. Our research shows that polymeric membranes are unlikely to be useful at scale in this application, as they are not readily cleaned for reuse. Conversely, a ceramic membrane of 5 kDa pore size provides the necessary rejection of phospholipids. There is some oil retention, that might require a downstream recovery step. The best results were obtained with cymene, suggesting this is a good target for industrial use.

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Dry Degumming of Corn-oil for Biodiesel Using a Tubular Ceramic Membrane

Cited by 17 publications

References 20 publications

Latest advances in degumming feedstock oils for large‐scale biodiesel production

Latest advances in degumming feedstock oils for large‐scale biodiesel production

Marine microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata biomass harvesting using ultrafiltration in cross-flow mode

Efficient degumming of crude canola oil using ultrafiltration membranes and bio-derived solvents

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