Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people

Meta-Regression Analyses, Meta-Analyses, and Trial Sequential Analyses of the Effects of Supplementation with Beta-Carotene, Vitamin A, and Vitamin E Singly or in Different Combinations on All-Cause Mortality: Do We Have Evidence for Lack of Harm?

“…Our results extend the evidence in previous reviews suggesting that beta-carotene, vitamin A, and vitamin E may be harmful [117,118,124]. There are several possible explanations for the negative effect of antioxidant supplements on mortality [125,126].…”

Meta-Regression Analyses, Meta-Analyses, and Trial Sequential Analyses of the Effects of Supplementation with Beta-Carotene, Vitamin A, and Vitamin E Singly or in Different Combinations on All-Cause Mortality: Do We Have Evidence for Lack of Harm?

“…Our results extend the evidence in previous reviews suggesting that beta-carotene, vitamin A, and vitamin E may be harmful [117,118,124]. There are several possible explanations for the negative effect of antioxidant supplements on mortality [125,126].…”

The thresholds for statistical and clinical significance – a five-step procedure for evaluation of intervention effects in randomised clinical trials

“…Our five-point assessment of this trial is in agreement with results from systematic reviews with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis on all-cause mortality, gastrointestinal cancers, and other cancers [85-87]. …”

Friend or Foe? The Current Epidemiologic Evidence on Selenium and Human Cancer Risk

“…Studies suggested a beneficial effect of Se on lung cancer risk until a decade ago [ 183 ], when further studies [ 99 ] failed to substantiate such an effect. Further, a recent observational study found a direct relationship between Se exposure and risk [ 58 ], mirroring previous results obtained in a U.S. study [ 53 ], and Se has now been added to the list of initially promising but ultimately unsuccessful—and possibly harmful—preventive agents for lung cancer [ 178 , 184 ]. In Se, we have witnessed what has now become a common occurrence in nutritional epidemiology, the failure of micronutrient dietary supplements to show beneficial effects on human health [ 185 – 187 ].…”

Meta-Regression Analyses, Meta-Analyses, and Trial Sequential Analyses of the Effects of Supplementation with Beta-Carotene, Vitamin A, and Vitamin E Singly or in Different Combinations on All-Cause Mortality: Do We Have Evidence for Lack of Harm?

“…Our results extend the evidence in previous reviews suggesting that beta-carotene, vitamin A, and vitamin E may be harmful [117,118,124]. There are several possible explanations for the negative effect of antioxidant supplements on mortality [125,126].…”

The thresholds for statistical and clinical significance – a five-step procedure for evaluation of intervention effects in randomised clinical trials

“…Our five-point assessment of this trial is in agreement with results from systematic reviews with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis on all-cause mortality, gastrointestinal cancers, and other cancers [85-87]. …”

Friend or Foe? The Current Epidemiologic Evidence on Selenium and Human Cancer Risk

“…Studies suggested a beneficial effect of Se on lung cancer risk until a decade ago [ 183 ], when further studies [ 99 ] failed to substantiate such an effect. Further, a recent observational study found a direct relationship between Se exposure and risk [ 58 ], mirroring previous results obtained in a U.S. study [ 53 ], and Se has now been added to the list of initially promising but ultimately unsuccessful—and possibly harmful—preventive agents for lung cancer [ 178 , 184 ]. In Se, we have witnessed what has now become a common occurrence in nutritional epidemiology, the failure of micronutrient dietary supplements to show beneficial effects on human health [ 185 – 187 ].…”

Meta-Regression Analyses, Meta-Analyses, and Trial Sequential Analyses of the Effects of Supplementation with Beta-Carotene, Vitamin A, and Vitamin E Singly or in Different Combinations on All-Cause Mortality: Do We Have Evidence for Lack of Harm?

“…Our results extend the evidence in previous reviews suggesting that beta-carotene, vitamin A, and vitamin E may be harmful [117,118,124]. There are several possible explanations for the negative effect of antioxidant supplements on mortality [125,126].…”

The thresholds for statistical and clinical significance – a five-step procedure for evaluation of intervention effects in randomised clinical trials

“…Our five-point assessment of this trial is in agreement with results from systematic reviews with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis on all-cause mortality, gastrointestinal cancers, and other cancers [85-87]. …”

Friend or Foe? The Current Epidemiologic Evidence on Selenium and Human Cancer Risk

“…Studies suggested a beneficial effect of Se on lung cancer risk until a decade ago [ 183 ], when further studies [ 99 ] failed to substantiate such an effect. Further, a recent observational study found a direct relationship between Se exposure and risk [ 58 ], mirroring previous results obtained in a U.S. study [ 53 ], and Se has now been added to the list of initially promising but ultimately unsuccessful—and possibly harmful—preventive agents for lung cancer [ 178 , 184 ]. In Se, we have witnessed what has now become a common occurrence in nutritional epidemiology, the failure of micronutrient dietary supplements to show beneficial effects on human health [ 185 – 187 ].…”