Drug-related crime and poverty in South Africa

Cheteni, Priviledge; Mah, Gisele; Yohane, Yohane Khamfula

doi:10.1080/23322039.2018.1534528

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The importance of socio-economic contexts in relation to drug use has been studied, highlighting poor living conditions, limited access to education and employment, poor neighborhoods and housing characteristics which may influence drug-related behaviors [1][2][3][4][5]. In 2016, an estimated 25 million children (26.4%) living in the European Union (EU) Member States were at risk of poverty [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between poverty exposure during childhood and adolescence, and drug use disorders and drug‐related crimes later in life

et al. 2021

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Aims To examine whether poverty exposure in childhood/adolescence increases the risk of later drug use disorder and drug crime conviction. Design, Setting and participants A national cohort study encompassing 634 284 individuals born between 1985 and 1990, residing in Sweden between 5 and 18 years of age, followed-up from January 2004 to December 2016, starting from the age of 19 years until the first visit to inpatient/outpatient care with a diagnosis of a drug use disorder or a drug crime offence. Measurements The exposure variable was 'trajectories of poverty' based on household income, assessed through group-based trajectory analysis. Cox regression analysis was used to obtain hazard ratios for drug use disorders and drug crime convictions using age as the underlying time scale. Findings We identified five trajectories of childhood/adolescence poverty: (1) 'moving out of poverty in childhood' (8.7%); (2) 'never poverty' (68.9%);(3) 'moving into poverty in adolescence' (11.0%); (4) 'moving out of poverty in adolescence' (5.4%); and (5) 'chronically poor' (5.9%). Compared with the 'never poor' group, almost all trajectory groups had higher risks for drug use problems. Young males 'moving into poverty in adolescence' had the highest risks of drug use disorder [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.40-1.57] and drug crime conviction (HR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.38-1.62), after adjusting for calendar year, domicile, origin, psychiatric diagnosis and parental psychiatric diagnosis. The results were similar in females moving into poverty in adolescence (HR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.52-1.76 and HR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.74-2.05 for drug use disorders and drug crime, respectively). Conclusion In Sweden, poverty exposure early in life seems to increase the risk of drug use problems in adulthood. These associations are not explained fully by domicile, origin or other psychiatric disorders. Young males and females moving into poverty in adolescence are at highest risk.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between poverty exposure during childhood and adolescence, and drug use disorders and drug‐related crimes later in life

et al. 2021

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“…South Africa is regarded by many as the crime capital of the world and the socio-political landscape being characterized by high rates of poverty, socioeconomic inequality, and high crime rate [ 29 ] - three social evils. [ 30 ] Apart from these three key social challenges, a large body of research suggests that African women face serious socioeconomic marginalization and domestic violence that can hamper their empowerment potential [ 31 ] and diminish their confidence [ 32 ] and sense of dignity, [ 33 ] which in turn can prevent them from adopting healthy lifestyle behavior such as regular PE. [ 34 , 35 ] A USA based study (metropolitan Boston) including urban low-income housing complexes reported that residing in a neighborhood perceived to be unsafe at night was a barrier to regular PE especially among women, living in low-income housing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived neighborhood safety and exercise behavior among community dwellers in Gauteng, South Africa

Bishwajit²,

Yaya

et al. 2020

Medicine

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Maintaining a physically active life is an important determinant of overall health and psychosocial wellbeing among adults. Physical exercise behavior can be influenced by various social and environmental circumstances including neighborhood safety. Using data from South Africa Quality of life Survey 2015/16, this study aimed to assess the hypothesis that lack of perceived neighborhood safety (PNS) can reduce the likelihood of engaging in physical exercise (PE). The participants were 30,002 men and women aged 18 years and above. The association between self-reported PE behavior and neighborhood safety were assessed by multivariable regression method while adjusting for potentially confounding factors. Less than a quarter (23.41%) of the participants reported taking exercise on daily basis whereas 27.90% reported never taking any. Respectively 6.0% and 38.1% of the participants reported feeling very unsafe walking in the neighborhood during day and night. In regression analysis, both the pooled and stratified models indicated that lack of PNS was inversely associated with regular PE. Lack of PNS (bit unsafe) during day was associated with lower odds of PE both among men (OR = 0.776, P < .001) and women (OR = 0.874, P < .001). The negative association between lack of PNS and PE during day was significant among those living with disability (OR = 0.758, P < .001). Further analysis showed that the negative association between lack of PNS with regular PE during day was significant in Johannesburg (OR = 0.800, P < .001), Tshwane (OR = 0.735, P < .001) and Emfuleni (OR = 0.619, P < .001) only, while that during night was significant in Johannesburg (OR = 0.737, P < .001), Ekurhuleni (OR = 0.673, P < .001), Emfuleni (OR = 0.418, P < .001), Lesedi (OR = 0.385, P < .001), Mogale City (OR = 0.693, P < .001), and Randfontein (OR = 0.565, P < .001). Overall, the findings highlight a significantly inverse association between lack of PNS and PE behavior. In light of the current findings, it is recommended that PE promotion programs pay special attention on population living in the neighborhoods fraught with crime concerns.

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“…(Fraser et al ., 1996; Crookes and Lyne, 2001; Makhura and Wasike, 2003; Finnemore et al ., 2004; Chaminuka et al ., 2008; Cheteni, 2013; Makhura, 2016; Kunzekweguta et al ., 2017; Cheteni et al ., 2018; Chaminuka et al ., 2019)…”

Section: Data Analysis and Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bibliometric involves the two‐way process that comprises of performance evaluation and discipline representation. The former evaluates data in terms of authors, countries, subjects and funding agencies) (Uddin et al ., 2013; Dunne and Tian, 2015; Sulaiman and Aluko, 2015; Meyer et al ., 2017a, 2017b; Meyer and McCamel, 2017); whereas the latter targets the fundamental and strong aspects of research in the form of different layouts (pictorial representation) (Makhura, 2016; Kunzekweguta et al ., 2017; Cheteni et al ., 2018; Deléchat et al ., 2018). Broadly, it provides a rational investigation of the research theme in hand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Development and South Africa: 25 Years Analysis (1994 to 2019)

Dhamija

2020

South African J Economics

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Economic Development highlights the growth and progression of every nation towards prosperity, and South Africa is not an exception to this phenomenon. Present article reviews economic progression in South Africa for last 25 years of time by applying systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis (1,241 articles) on Scopus extracted database (1994 to 2019; until 06 June). Inferences evidence significant work contributed by top universities, authors, funding sources, journals and citation statistics. Noticeably, implementation of a concept solely will not fetch real situation; however, a systematic review extends good to excellent understanding of the considered research agenda. Findings reveal the contradictory inter-connectivity of Cluster 1 Economic Inequality and Poverty, Cluster 2 Developing Country and Corruption and Cluster 6 Economic Development and Economic Policy. It is very important to understand that if a nation is facing economic inequality, corruption, and poverty; how it can achieve the status of economically developed nation. Identification of Cluster 3 Industrialization and Industry 4.0, Cluster 4 Unemployment and Entrepreneurship Education and Cluster 5 Sustainable Development and Economic Growth signifies scope of improvement. Conclusively, the researcher has proposed a conceptual model to address above stated concerns.

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Drug-related crime and poverty in South Africa

Cited by 34 publications

References 51 publications

Association between poverty exposure during childhood and adolescence, and drug use disorders and drug‐related crimes later in life

Association between poverty exposure during childhood and adolescence, and drug use disorders and drug‐related crimes later in life

Perceived neighborhood safety and exercise behavior among community dwellers in Gauteng, South Africa

Economic Development and South Africa: 25 Years Analysis (1994 to 2019)

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