Drug packaging security by means of white-light speckle

Cozzella, Lorenzo; Simonetti, Carla; Spagnolo, Giuseppe Schirripa

doi:10.1016/j.optlaseng.2012.05.016

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Counterfeiting is so diverse to include pharmaceuticals, clothes, food and computer software, to name a few. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), about 1% of prescribed medicines in the developed world and about 10–50% in parts of the developing world are estimated to be counterfeits . The European Commission estimates 15% of the global medicines supply chain could be counterfeit .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the World Health Organization (WHO), [4] about 1% of prescribed medicines in the developed world and about 10-50% in parts of the developing world are estimated to be counterfeits. [5][6][7] The European Commission estimates 15% of the global medicines supply chain could be counterfeit. [8] Counterfeit medicines (CFM) pose significant risks to public health safety, [9][10][11] ranging from ineffectiveness and toxicity to more serious outcomes such as antibiotic resistance leading to increased rates of morbidity and mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacist awareness and views towards counterfeit medicine in Lebanon

Sholy

Gard

Williams

et al. 2017

International Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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The study highlighted the need for additional CFM awareness campaigns with an emphasis on the role that pharmacists have in protecting patients from using CFM. In addition, there is a need for an official CFM definition that distinguishes between the different types of counterfeiting. Furthermore, the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health and regulatory authorities should control and secure the supply chain of medicine in the country and enforce the law.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacist awareness and views towards counterfeit medicine in Lebanon

Sholy

Gard

Williams

et al. 2017

International Journal of Pharmacy Practice

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This has been highlighted by the call for updating training programs for pharmacists in India, with extension of their role to creating awareness among all health professionals. 65 An innovative solution to decrease the complexity of the supply chain has been put forward by Cozella et al 66 who proposed that drug packaging security be achieved by the application of white light speckle theory to an ultraviolet (UV) source linking packaging to a barcode. Both direct and indirect technology may be used to optimize the security of packaging.…”

Section: Supply Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Counterfeit drugs and medical devices in developing countries

Glass

2014

RRTM

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The World Health Organization has reported that counterfeit medicines potentially make up more than 50% of the global drug market, with a significant proportion of these fake products being encountered in developing countries. This occurrence is attributed to a lack of effective regulation and a weak enforcement capacity existing in these countries, with an increase in this trade resulting from the growing size and sophistication of drug counterfeiters. In addition, due to both cost and lack of availability of medicines, consumers in developing countries are more likely to seek out these inexpensive options. The World Health Organization is mindful of the impact of counterfeit drugs on consumer confidence in health care systems, health professionals, the supply chain, and genuine suppliers of medicines and medical devices. Antibiotics, antituberculosis drugs, and antimalarial and antiretroviral drugs are frequently targeted, with reports of 60% of the anti-infective drugs in Asia and Africa containing active pharmaceutical ingredients outside their pharmacopoeial limits. This has obvious public health implications of increasing drug resistance and negating all the efforts that have already gone into the provision of medicines to treat these life threatening conditions in the developing world. This review, while focusing on counterfeit medicines and medical devices in developing countries, will present information on their impact and how these issues can be addressed by regulation and control of the supply chain using technology appropriate to the developing world. The complexity of the problem will also be highlighted in terms of the definition of counterfeit and substandard medicines, including gray pharmaceuticals. Although this issue presents as a global public health problem, outcomes in developing countries where counterfeit drugs to treat malaria, tuberculosis, and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome not only result in drug resistance, but a number of deaths from the untreated disease, is in stark contrast with the developed world, where lifestyle drugs such as sildenafil (Viagra ®) are most commonly counterfeited.

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“…Please note that the problems of counterfeiting and package tampering have been studied extensively in the pharmaceutical sector, such as in [3]. The solutions proposed use a variety of embedded security signatures in the form of speckle pattern "fingerprinting", addition of molecular tracers, laser-based surface artifacts detection etc that are not economically viable for low priced products such as 20L water jars.…”

Section: Consumermentioning

confidence: 99%

CHATAKA: An open data initiative for the water sector

Santosh¹,

Rout

2013

2013 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC)

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The packaged water segment in India has been witnessing rapid growth over the last decade as a result of increasing urbanization, skewed spatio-temporal distribution of freshwater resources and limitations in the municipal water supply infrastructure. However, growing demand for retail (<5L bottles) and bulk water (20L bottles) packages has also been accompanied by a rise in several thousands of new unregistered manufacturing units. Even for government certified manufacturers, weaknesses in the supply chain networks are being widely exploited by distributors and dealers to flood the market with poor quality imitations of leading bottled water brands. The paper describes the application of ICT in the form of task-based contextual QRcodes to promote the availability and consumption of healthy packaged water products. The proposed scheme improves end-to-end supply chain visibility for the certified manufacturer, enhances regulator's ability to catch potential licensing and quality violations, and empowers consumers with tools that rapidly detect fraudulent offerings.

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Drug packaging security by means of white-light speckle

Cited by 33 publications

References 21 publications

Pharmacist awareness and views towards counterfeit medicine in Lebanon

Pharmacist awareness and views towards counterfeit medicine in Lebanon

Counterfeit drugs and medical devices in developing countries

CHATAKA: An open data initiative for the water sector

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