Drosophila as a Model to Study Metabolic Disorders

Hoffmann, Julia; Romey, Renja; Fink, Christine; Roeder, Thomas

doi:10.1007/10_2013_196

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Consumption of a high sugar diet profoundly altered the metabolic profiles of fly bodies. Importantly, many of the metabolic hallmarks that characterize humans with obesity occurred in flies fed a high sugar diet, such as elevations in branched-chain amino acids, advanced-glycan products, glutamate, and α-ketoglutarate 28,32–34,39 , are consistent with the findings that fruit flies fed a high sugar diet develop obesity-related illnesses 30,40 . Bodies also showed signs of TCA cycle dysfunction and a depletion in nucleotide metabolism, as previously observed in tissues of obese mammals 41 and humans 33,34 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Since metabolite levels change depending on diet composition, we investigated the effects of a high sugar diet on the metabolic and behavioral transition between hunger and satiety. The influence of a high sugar diet on obesity, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance has been widely studied in Drosophila 30,31 ; we also recently found that consumption of this diet decreases the sensitivity of the sweet gustatory neurons to sugar, which alters feeding patterns and promotes diet-induced obesity 14 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Rapid metabolic shifts occur during the transition between hunger and satiety in Drosophila melanogaster

et al. 2019

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Metabolites are active controllers of cellular physiology, but their role in complex behaviors is less clear. Here we report metabolic changes that occur during the transition between hunger and satiety in Drosophila melanogaster . To analyze these data in the context of fruit fly metabolic networks, we developed Flyscape, an open-access tool. We show that in response to eating, metabolic profiles change in quick, but distinct ways in the heads and bodies. Consumption of a high sugar diet dulls the metabolic and behavioral differences between the fasted and fed state, and reshapes the way nutrients are utilized upon eating. Specifically, we found that high dietary sugar increases TCA cycle activity, alters neurochemicals, and depletes 1-carbon metabolism and brain health metabolites N-acetyl-aspartate and kynurenine. Together, our work identifies the metabolic transitions that occur during hunger and satiation, and provides a platform to study the role of metabolites and diet in complex behavior.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Rapid metabolic shifts occur during the transition between hunger and satiety in Drosophila melanogaster

et al. 2019

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“…Metabolic regulation in Drosophila is highly conserved during evolution and shares important similarities to both mammalian energy metabolism and the target metabolic organs including heart, kidney (Malpighian tubules), liver, and adipose tissue (fat body), brain, and gastrointestinal tract 7 . Drosophila insulin‐like peptides (DILPs) share structural and functional similarities with vertebrate insulin‐like growth factor and insulin 8 . The response of fruit flies to a high‐fat diet (HFD) shows major similarities to mammalian obesity models with increased triglyceride and glucose levels, decreased stress tolerance, and reduced lifespan 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preference and detrimental effects of high fat, sugar, and salt diet in wild‐caught Drosophila simulans are reversed by flight exercise

et al. 2020

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“…Drosophila populations exposed to either a high-fat diet or a high-sugar diet have led to flies with cardiac and metabolic dysfunction (i.e. hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, lipid accumulation, reduced cardiac contractility, and cardiac arrhythmias: Birse et al, 2010;Hoffmann et al, 2013;Na et al, 2013;Trinh and Boulianne, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Starvation but not locomotion enhances heart robustness in Drosophila

Cabral

Wong

Khou

et al. 2017

Journal of Insect Physiology

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Insects and vertebrates have multiple major physiological systems, each species having a circulatory system, a metabolic system, and a respiratory system that enable locomotion and survival in stressful environments, among other functions. Broadening our understanding of the physiology of Drosophila melanogaster requires the parsing of interrelationships among such major component physiological systems. By combining electrical pacing and flight exhaustion assays with manipulative conditioning, we have started to unpack the interrelationships between cardiac function, locomotor performance, and other functional characters such as starvation and desiccation resistance. Manipulative sequences incorporating these four physiological characters were applied to five D. melanogaster lab populations that share a common origin from the wild and a common history of experimental evolution. While exposure to starvation or desiccation significantly reduced flight duration, exhaustion due to flight only affected subsequent desiccation resistance. A strong association was found between flight duration and desiccation resistance, providing additional support for the hypothesis that these traits depend on glycogen and water content. However, there was negligible impact on rate of cardiac arrests from exhaustion by flight or exposure to desiccant. Brief periods of starvation significantly lowered the rate of cardiac arrest. These results provide suggestive support for the adverse impact of lipids on Drosophila heart robustness, a parallel result to those of many comparable studies in human cardiology. Overall, this study underscores clear distinctions among the connections between specific physiological responses to stress and specific types of physiological performance.

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Drosophila as a Model to Study Metabolic Disorders

Cited by 14 publications

References 63 publications

Rapid metabolic shifts occur during the transition between hunger and satiety in Drosophila melanogaster

Rapid metabolic shifts occur during the transition between hunger and satiety in Drosophila melanogaster

Preference and detrimental effects of high fat, sugar, and salt diet in wild‐caught Drosophila simulans are reversed by flight exercise

Starvation but not locomotion enhances heart robustness in Drosophila

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