“…Therefore, the plasmonic metamaterials with textured closed surfaces have been researched to support localized electromagnetic resonances at terahertz (THz) and microwave bands, which have similar properties to those of the spoof surface plasmon polaritions (SSPPs) or those designed with a highly confined surface electromagnetic wave [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. SSPPs waveguide which works as lowpass filtering part integrated with coplanar waveguide, substrate waveguide, or bandpass filtering part are widely applied in wideband or dual-band BPFs design [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Surface plasmon resonances are usually applied in sensor, absorber, and frequency selective surface design [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”