Double no-till and permanent raised beds in maize–wheat rotation of north-western Indo-Gangetic plains of India: Effects on crop yields, water productivity, profitability and soil physical properties

Jat, M.L.; Gathala, Mahesh K.; Saharawat, Yashpal; Tetarwal, J.P.; Gupta, Raj Kumar; Yadvinder‐Singh,

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2013.04.024

Cited by 166 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Improved soil physical environment; higher available soil moisture and nutrients, moderate soil temperature and lower evaporation losses from surface soil under CA practices further enhanced the crop growth. Similar findings of higher growth of maize in CA practices were also reported by Memon et al (2014) and Jat et al (2013). The long-term effect of legume intensified crop rotations was significant on LAI at 60 DAS and NAR at 31-60 DAS of maize, where maximum values of these parameters was fetched under MCS rotation (Table 2).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Impact of legume intensified crop rotations and tillage practices on maize productivity vis-à-vis C and N dynamics of a sandy loam soil in north-western Indo-Gangetic Plains of India

Yadav

Parihar

Jat

et al. 2017

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The study was conducted to evaluate long-term effect of legume intensified maize based crop rotations and contrasting tillage practices and a experiment was laid out in split plot design with three tillage practices i.e. zero tillage (ZT), permanent bed (PB) and conventional tillage (CT) as main plot treatments and four legume intensified crop rotations (MWMbmaize-wheat-mungbean, MCS -maize-chickpea-Sesbania, MMuMb -maize-mustard-mungbean and MMS -maize-maizeSesbania) as sub-plot treatments. Adoption of CA based tillage practices (ZT/PB) significantly improved maize protein yield (MPY). ZT/PB gave 7.7-14.2% higher MPY(Maize protein yield and 7.4-13.0% higher MPYA (maize protein yield for adults) over CT. Similarly, the MPY and MPYA under legume intensified cereal based rotations were invariably higher in MCS and MWMb systems compared to MMuMb and MMS rotations.The total soil nitrogen (TSN) content increased by 15.4-17.4 and 20.32-20.91% with ZT and PB over CT in 0-15 and 15-30 cm soil depths, respectively. However, among the legume intensified rotations the maize planted under MCS and MWMb rotations registered 11.3-18.0% (0-15cm) and 8.4-11.0% (15-30cm) higher TSN over MMuMb and MMS rotation. Similarly, adoption of the CA practices (ZT/PB) resulted into significant improvement in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks compared to CT. ZT and PB among the tillage practices and MCS crop rotations among the sub-plot treatments registered higher Leaf area index (LAI) and net assimilation rate (NAR) compared to other management practices. Interaction effect of tillage practices and crop rotations were significant for MPY, MPYA, TSN and SOC stocks and all these parameters were reported maximum with ZT-MCS. Thus, our study suggests that CA based crop management with legume diversified maize based rotations (MCS and MWMb) can be advocated as sustainable intensification strategy in north-western India and other similar agro-ecologies of South Asia.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Impact of legume intensified crop rotations and tillage practices on maize productivity vis-à-vis C and N dynamics of a sandy loam soil in north-western Indo-Gangetic Plains of India

Yadav

Parihar

Jat

et al. 2017

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“…Our results suggest that T2 and T5 have a relatively positive effect on soil ρb. In contrast, other studies have reported higher ρb under NT at 0-5 cm depth compared to CT in cropping systems other than RRS [35,38,39]. Soil pH is an important soil quality factor affected by farmers practice and its modifications in the present study ( Figure 1B).…”

Section: Bulk Density and Soil Phcontrasting

confidence: 52%

Effects of Conservation Tillage and Nutrient Management Practices on Soil Fertility and Productivity of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)–Rice System in North Eastern Region of India

et al. 2017

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Over centuries and even today, traditional farming practices are well performed without any ecological degradation. However, management practice such as conservative tillage combined with nutrient and residue could increase the crop production as well as soil fertility. A three-year replicated study was conducted to assess the effects of agronomic modification of traditional farming practices on productivity and sustainability of rice (wet season)-rice (dry season) system (RRS). The replacement of farmers practice (T 2 ) with conservation effective tillage (no-till (NT)) and integrated nutrient management (INM) practice along with 30% residue retention (T 5 ) enhanced the straw, root and biomass yield of both wet season rice (WR), dry season rice (DR) and system as a whole over T 2 . Treatment T 5 recorded significantly lower soil bulk density ( b ) and higher pH than the T 2 after three years of the experiment. Further, treatment T 5 increased total soil organic carbon (2.8%), total soil organic carbon stock (2.8%), carbon sequestration rate (336.5 kg ha −1 year −1 ), cumulative carbon stock (142.9%) and carbon retention efficiency (141.0%) over T 2 of 0-20 cm depth after three year. The soil microbial biomass carbon concentration was significantly the highest under T 5 . Similarly, the dehydrogenase activity was the maximum under T 5 . Adoption of conservation tillage and nutrient management practice involving NT and INM along with residue retention can enhance the system productivity, and C and N sequestration in paddy soils is thereby contributing to the sustainability of the RRS.

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“…Among them, a shift from the conventional tillage based production system (which includes repeated ploughing, cultivating, planking and pulverizing) to zero-tillage system (i.e., direct drilling of wheat seeds with minimal disturbance of soil to open slits and place seed and fertilizer) has gained significant importance in wheat production of Indo-Gangetic Plains. Zero-tillage system is reported to ensure timeliness of sowing, precision in seeding, reduction of production cost (Jat et al, 2009;Saharawat et al, 2010) and improve soil properties (Jat et al, 2013;Sapkota et al, 2012) and yet maintaining and, in many cases, even increasing crop yield (Jat et al, 2013;Mishra and Singh, 2012). As compared to CT system, ZT system has been reported to increase C sequestration and decrease CO 2 emission (Almaraz et al, 2009;Sainju et al, 2008) as well as N 2 O emission (Baggs et al, 2003;.…”

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confidence: 99%

On-Farm Economic and Environmental Impact of Zero-Tillage Wheat: A Case of North-West India

et al. 2014

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SUMMARYConducting farmers participatory field trials at 40 sites for 3 consecutive years in four rice-wheat system dominated districts of Haryana state of India, this paper tested the hypothesis that zero tillage (ZT) based crop production emits less greenhouse gases and yet provide adequate economic benefits to farmers compared to the conventional tillage (CT). In each farmer's field, ZT and CT based wheat production were compared side by side for three consecutive years from 2009-10 to 2011-12. In assessing the mitigation potential of ZT, we examined the differences in input use and crop management, especially those contributing to GHGs emissions, between ZT wheat and CT wheat. We employed Cool Farm Tool (CFT) to estimate emission of GHGs from various wheat production activities. In order to assess economic benefits, we examined the difference in input costs, net returns and cost-benefit analysis of wheat production under CT and ZT. Results show that farmers can save approximately USD 79 ha −1 in terms of total production costs and increase net revenue of about USD 97.5 ha −1 under ZT compared to CT. Similarly, benefit-cost ratio under ZT is 1.43 against 1.31 under CT. Our estimate shows that shifting from CT to ZT based wheat production reduces GHG emission by 1.5 Mg CO 2 -eq ha −1 season −1 . Overall, ZT has both climate change mitigation and economic benefits, implying the win-win outcome of better agricultural practices.

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Double no-till and permanent raised beds in maize–wheat rotation of north-western Indo-Gangetic plains of India: Effects on crop yields, water productivity, profitability and soil physical properties

Cited by 166 publications

References 14 publications

Impact of legume intensified crop rotations and tillage practices on maize productivity vis-à-vis C and N dynamics of a sandy loam soil in north-western Indo-Gangetic Plains of India

Impact of legume intensified crop rotations and tillage practices on maize productivity vis-à-vis C and N dynamics of a sandy loam soil in north-western Indo-Gangetic Plains of India

Effects of Conservation Tillage and Nutrient Management Practices on Soil Fertility and Productivity of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)–Rice System in North Eastern Region of India

On-Farm Economic and Environmental Impact of Zero-Tillage Wheat: A Case of North-West India

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