Double Elevator Palsy

Recurrent unilateral restrictive elevation deficit in childhood: a tailored approach

“…4 Metz believed that most of the cases of MED had IR restrictive pathology with superior rectus paresis being the aetiology in about 25% cases. 5 We noted restriction of the IR on forced duction, with a large hypotropia in primary position without superior rectus paresis, which mirrors the observation by Metz. Wright stated the incidence of IR restriction as cause of MED in 70% cases.…”

Recurrent unilateral restrictive elevation deficit in childhood: a tailored approach

“…4 Metz believed that most of the cases of MED had IR restrictive pathology with superior rectus paresis being the aetiology in about 25% cases. 5 We noted restriction of the IR on forced duction, with a large hypotropia in primary position without superior rectus paresis, which mirrors the observation by Metz. Wright stated the incidence of IR restriction as cause of MED in 70% cases.…”

Bilateral Marcus Gunn jaw winking synkinesis with monocular elevation deficiency: a case report and literature review

“…There is speculation that both these phenomenon occur due to an abnormality at the supranuclear or nuclear level [2,3,[11][12][13]. Using electromyographic studies in MGJWS, Hepler et al showed that during mastication, anomalous firing of inhibitory interneurons in the midbrain mediated trigemino-oculomotor response [11].…”

Forced Duction Test in Clinical Practice

“…Duane et al [ 1 ] reported its use in 5 cases of pseudo-Duane's retraction syndrome and stated that 'roentgenograms and forced duc tion tests are indicated in all instances of unexplained retraction'. Diagnosis of a blowout fracture with medial rectus muscle entrapment, primarily made by the forced duction test, is another possibility [7] in addition to Duane's syndrome [3,6] and double elevator palsy [4]. It must be pointed out, however, that the forced duction test under anesthesia is more accurate in this type of case [5], An interesting case is on record [1] in which the forced duction test had a therapeutic effect: the patient, a 25-year-old man had a fracture of the floor of the orbit with incarceration of an ocular muscle; this incarceration was released by the forced duction test.…”

Recurrent unilateral restrictive elevation deficit in childhood: a tailored approach

“…4 Metz believed that most of the cases of MED had IR restrictive pathology with superior rectus paresis being the aetiology in about 25% cases. 5 We noted restriction of the IR on forced duction, with a large hypotropia in primary position without superior rectus paresis, which mirrors the observation by Metz. Wright stated the incidence of IR restriction as cause of MED in 70% cases.…”

Bilateral Marcus Gunn jaw winking synkinesis with monocular elevation deficiency: a case report and literature review

“…There is speculation that both these phenomenon occur due to an abnormality at the supranuclear or nuclear level [2,3,[11][12][13]. Using electromyographic studies in MGJWS, Hepler et al showed that during mastication, anomalous firing of inhibitory interneurons in the midbrain mediated trigemino-oculomotor response [11].…”

Forced Duction Test in Clinical Practice

“…Duane et al [ 1 ] reported its use in 5 cases of pseudo-Duane's retraction syndrome and stated that 'roentgenograms and forced duc tion tests are indicated in all instances of unexplained retraction'. Diagnosis of a blowout fracture with medial rectus muscle entrapment, primarily made by the forced duction test, is another possibility [7] in addition to Duane's syndrome [3,6] and double elevator palsy [4]. It must be pointed out, however, that the forced duction test under anesthesia is more accurate in this type of case [5], An interesting case is on record [1] in which the forced duction test had a therapeutic effect: the patient, a 25-year-old man had a fracture of the floor of the orbit with incarceration of an ocular muscle; this incarceration was released by the forced duction test.…”

Recurrent unilateral restrictive elevation deficit in childhood: a tailored approach

“…4 Metz believed that most of the cases of MED had IR restrictive pathology with superior rectus paresis being the aetiology in about 25% cases. 5 We noted restriction of the IR on forced duction, with a large hypotropia in primary position without superior rectus paresis, which mirrors the observation by Metz. Wright stated the incidence of IR restriction as cause of MED in 70% cases.…”

Bilateral Marcus Gunn jaw winking synkinesis with monocular elevation deficiency: a case report and literature review

“…There is speculation that both these phenomenon occur due to an abnormality at the supranuclear or nuclear level [2,3,[11][12][13]. Using electromyographic studies in MGJWS, Hepler et al showed that during mastication, anomalous firing of inhibitory interneurons in the midbrain mediated trigemino-oculomotor response [11].…”

Forced Duction Test in Clinical Practice

“…Duane et al [ 1 ] reported its use in 5 cases of pseudo-Duane's retraction syndrome and stated that 'roentgenograms and forced duc tion tests are indicated in all instances of unexplained retraction'. Diagnosis of a blowout fracture with medial rectus muscle entrapment, primarily made by the forced duction test, is another possibility [7] in addition to Duane's syndrome [3,6] and double elevator palsy [4]. It must be pointed out, however, that the forced duction test under anesthesia is more accurate in this type of case [5], An interesting case is on record [1] in which the forced duction test had a therapeutic effect: the patient, a 25-year-old man had a fracture of the floor of the orbit with incarceration of an ocular muscle; this incarceration was released by the forced duction test.…”