Dosimetric evaluation of gold nanoparticle aided intraoperative radiotherapy with the Intrabeam system using Monte Carlo simulations

Moradi, F.; Sani, S.F. Abdul; Khandaker, Mayeen Uddin; Sulieman, Abdelmoneim; Bradley, D.A.

doi:10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.108864

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Therefore, Au NPs were selected as the optimum NPs and used throughout this study for the heterogeneous medium using 1.5-and 5-centimeter-diameter spherical APs. A previous study by Moradi et al has been carried out to calculate the DER of Au NPs aided INTRABEAM ® IORT from MCNPX MC simulation results of Au-water mixtures as 3 using 20 mg-Au/g-water at 10 μm distance around the 1.5-and 5-centimeter-diameter spherical APs [59]. In this regard, our results were closer to Moradi's calculations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

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Dosimetric effect of nanoparticles in the breast cancer treatment using INTRABEAM^® system with spherical applicators in the presence of tissue heterogeneities: A Monte Carlo study

Tegaw

Geraily

Etesami³

et al. 2021

Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express

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Using the 50 kV INTRABEAM® IORT system after breast-conserving surgery: tumor recurrence and organs at risk (OARs), such as the lung and heart, long-term complications remain the challenging problems for breast cancer patients. So, the objective of this study was to address these two problems with the help of high atomic number nanoparticles (NPs). A Monte Carlo (MC) Simulation type EGSnrc C++ class library (egspp) with its Easy particle propagation (Epp) user code was used. The simulation was validated against the measured depth dose data found in our previous study (Tegaw, et al 2020 Dosimetric characteristics of the INTRABEAM ® system with spherical applicators in the presence of air gaps and tissue heterogeneities, Radiat. Environ. Biophys. (10.1007/s00411-020-00835-0)) using the gamma index and passed 2%/2 mm acceptance criteria in the gamma analysis. Gold (Au) NPs were selected after comparing Dose Enhancement Ratios (DERs) of bismuth (Bi), Au, and platinum (Pt) NPs which were calculated from the simulated results. As a result, 0.02, 0.2, 2, 10, and 20 mg-Au/g-breast tissue were used throughout this study. These particles were not distributed in discrete but in a uniform concentration. For 20 mg-Au/g-breast tissue, the DERs were 3.6, 0.420, and 0.323 for breast tissue, lung, heart, respectively, using the 1.5 cm-diameter applicator (AP) and 3.61, 0.428, and 0.335 forbreast tissue, lung, and heart using the 5 cm-diameter applicator, respectively. DER increased with the decrease in the depth of tissues and increase in the effective atomic number (Zeff) and concentration of Au NPs, however, there was no significant change as AP sizes increased. Therefore, Au NPs showed dual advantages such as dose enhancement within the tumor bed and reduction in the OARs (heart and lung).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…In this regard, our results were closer to Moradi's calculations. However, this previous study [59] was limited to the homogeneous medium and did not estimate the dose distributions on the surrounding OARs such as the lungs and heart by considering a heterogeneous medium (breast phantom).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dosimetric effect of nanoparticles in the breast cancer treatment using INTRABEAM^® system with spherical applicators in the presence of tissue heterogeneities: A Monte Carlo study

Tegaw

Geraily

Etesami³

et al. 2021

Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express

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“…A frequently cited GNP concentration is 7 mg/g, 4,7,27,28 which is well within the range of concentrations considered in this work. Further examples from MC studies include Bahreyni Toossi et al 29 who studied 10, 20, and 30 mg/g, Koger and Kirkby 20 who studied 5-30 mg/g, Brivio et al 21 who studied 10-66 mg/g, Bassiri et al 22 who studied 7, 18, and 50 mg/g, and Moradi et al 30 who studied 5-20 mg/g. For in vitro and in vivo studies, observed tumor gold concentrations also tend to vary, and depend strongly on GNP size, shape, any attached ligands, and more.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…who studied 10–66 mg/g, Bassiri et al 22 . who studied 7, 18, and 50 mg/g, and Moradi et al 30 . who studied 5–20 mg/g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiscale Monte Carlo simulations of gold nanoparticle dose‐enhanced radiotherapy I: Cellular dose enhancement in microscopic models

2023

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Background: The introduction of Gold NanoParticles (GNPs) in radiotherapy treatments necessitates considerations such as GNP size, location, and quantity, as well as patient geometry and beam quality. Physics considerations span length scales across many orders of magnitude (nanometer-to-centimeter), presenting challenges that often limit the scope of dosimetric studies to either micro-or macroscopic scales. Purpose: To investigate GNP dose-enhanced radiation Therapy (GNPT) through Monte Carlo (MC) simulations that bridge micro-to-macroscopic scales. The work is presented in two parts, with Part I (this work) investigating accurate and efficient MC modeling at the single cell level to calculate nucleus and cytoplasm Dose Enhancement Factors (n,cDEFs), considering a broad parameter space including GNP concentration, GNP intracellular distribution, cell size, and incident photon energy. Part II then evaluates cell dose enhancement factors across macroscopic (tumor) length scales. Methods: Different methods of modeling gold within cells are compared, from a contiguous volume of either pure gold or gold-tissue mixture to discrete GNPs in a hexagonal close-packed lattice. MC simulations with EGSnrc are performed to calculate n,cDEF for a cell with radius r cell = 7.35 µm and nucleus r nuc = 5 µm considering 10 to 370 keV incident photons, gold concentrations from 4 to 24 mg Au /g tissue , and three different GNP configurations within the cell: GNPs distributed around the surface of the nucleus (perinuclear) or GNPs packed into one (or four) endosome(s). Select simulations are extended to cells with different cell (and nucleus) sizes: 5 µm (2, 3, and 4 µm), 7.35 µm (4 and 6 µm), and 10 µm (7, 8, and 9 µm). Results: n,cDEFs are sensitive to the method of modeling gold in the cell, with differences of up to 17% observed; the hexagonal lattice of GNPs is chosen (as the most realistic model) for all subsequent simulations. Across cell/nucleus radii, source energies, and gold concentrations, both nDEF and cDEF are highest for GNPs in the perinuclear configuration, compared with GNPs in one (or four) endosome(s). Across all simulations of the (r cell , r nuc ) = (7.35, 5) µm cell, nDEFs and cDEFs range from unity to 6.83 and 3.87, respectively. Including different cell sizes, nDEFs and cDEFs as

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“…The energy deposited from the initial photon beam and secondary photons, including scattered photons, bremsstrahlung photons, and fluorescent x-rays, can also play a role in the energy distribution around the NP. For instance, the migration of fluorescent photons from their production points could carry the energy away from the NP proximity, which could impact the overall dose distribution (Moradi 2021a).…”

Section: Deposited Energy Ratio (Der)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A simulation study on the radiosensitization properties of gold nanorods

Taheri,

Khandaker,

Moradi

et al. 2024

Phys. Med. Biol.

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Objective: Gold nanorods (GNRs) have emerged as versatile nanoparticles with unique properties, holding promise in various modalities of cancer treatment through drug delivery and photothermal therapy. In the rapidly evolving field of nanoparticle radiosensitization (NPRS) for cancer therapy, this study assessed the potential of gold nanorods as radiosensitizing agents by quantifying the key features of NPRS, such as secondary electron emission and dose enhancement, using Monte Carlo simulations.Approach: Employing the TOPAS track structure code, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the radiosensitization behavior of spherical gold nanoparticles and gold nanorods. We systematically explored the impact of nanorod geometry (in particular size and aspect ratio) and orientation on secondary electron emission and deposited energy ratio, providing validated results against previously published simulations.Main Results: Our findings demonstrate that gold nanorods exhibit comparable secondary electron emission to their spherical counterparts. Notably, nanorods with smaller surface-area-to-volume ratios (SA:V) and alignment with the incident photon beam proved to be more efficient radiosensitizing agents, showing superiority in emitted electron fluence. However, in the microscale, the deposited energy ratio (DER) was not markedly influenced by the SA:V of the nanorod. Additionally, our findings revealed that the geometry of gold nanoparticles has a more significant impact on the emission of M-shell Auger electrons (with energies below 3.5 keV) than on higher-energy electrons.Significance: This research investigated the radiosensitization properties of gold nanorods, positioning them as promising alternatives to the more conventionally studied spherical gold nanoparticles in the context of cancer research. With increasing interest in multimodal cancer therapy, our findings have the potential to contribute valuable insights into the perspective of gold nanorods as effective multipurpose agents for synergistic photothermal therapy and radiotherapy. Future directions may involve exploring alternative metallic nanorods as well as further optimizing the geometry and coating materials, opening new possibilities for more effective cancer treatments.

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Dosimetric evaluation of gold nanoparticle aided intraoperative radiotherapy with the Intrabeam system using Monte Carlo simulations

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Dosimetric effect of nanoparticles in the breast cancer treatment using INTRABEAM^® system with spherical applicators in the presence of tissue heterogeneities: A Monte Carlo study

Dosimetric effect of nanoparticles in the breast cancer treatment using INTRABEAM^® system with spherical applicators in the presence of tissue heterogeneities: A Monte Carlo study

Multiscale Monte Carlo simulations of gold nanoparticle dose‐enhanced radiotherapy I: Cellular dose enhancement in microscopic models

A simulation study on the radiosensitization properties of gold nanorods

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Dosimetric evaluation of gold nanoparticle aided intraoperative radiotherapy with the Intrabeam system using Monte Carlo simulations

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Dosimetric effect of nanoparticles in the breast cancer treatment using INTRABEAM® system with spherical applicators in the presence of tissue heterogeneities: A Monte Carlo study

Dosimetric effect of nanoparticles in the breast cancer treatment using INTRABEAM® system with spherical applicators in the presence of tissue heterogeneities: A Monte Carlo study

Multiscale Monte Carlo simulations of gold nanoparticle dose‐enhanced radiotherapy I: Cellular dose enhancement in microscopic models

A simulation study on the radiosensitization properties of gold nanorods

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Dosimetric effect of nanoparticles in the breast cancer treatment using INTRABEAM^® system with spherical applicators in the presence of tissue heterogeneities: A Monte Carlo study

Dosimetric effect of nanoparticles in the breast cancer treatment using INTRABEAM^® system with spherical applicators in the presence of tissue heterogeneities: A Monte Carlo study