Dose-dependent Effect of Boric Acid on Myogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-derived Stem Cells (hADSCs)

Abstract

Boron, a vital micronutrient for plant metabolism, is not fully elucidated for embryonic and adult body development, and tissue regeneration. Although optimized amount of boron supplement has been shown to be essential for normal gestational development in zebrafish and frog and beneficial for bone regeneration in higher animals, effects of boron on myogenesis and myo-regeneration remains to be solved. In the current study, we investigated dose-dependent activity of boric acid on myogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) using immunocytochemical, gene, and protein expression analysis. The results revealed that while low- (81.9 μM) and high-dose (819.6 μM) boron treatment increased myogenic gene expression levels such as myosin heavy chain (MYH), MyoD, myogenin, and desmin at day 4 of differentiation, high-dose treatment decreased myogenic-related gene and protein levels at day 21 of differentiation, confirmed by immunocytochemical analysis. The findings of the study present not only an understanding of boron's effect on myogenic differentiation but also an opportunity for the development of scaffolds to be used in skeletal tissue engineering and supplements for embryonic muscle growth. However, fine dose tuning and treatment period arranging are highly warranted as boron treatment over required concentrations and time might result in detrimental outcomes to myogenesis and myo-regeneration.

Discovery and functional identification of fecundity‐related genes in the brown planthopper by large‐scale RNA interference

“…We used the same dose of dsRNA (0.5 μg/μl dsRNA) for all selected genes, and expression levels of 24 (20.87%) genes did not decrease after RNAi feeding. This phenomenon might have resulted from a dose‐dependent effect, as reported previously in the BPH (Chen et al ., ) and human cells (Apdik et al ., ). In RNAi feeding assays, 0.5 μg/μl dsRNA was not enough to silence some target genes (Fig.…”

Borax-loaded injectable alginate hydrogels promote muscle regeneration in vivo after an injury

“…Further work with Mesenchymal Stem Cells showed that active-NaBC1 enhances cell adhesion determining cellular fate versus osteogenic commitment via crosstalk of NaBC1, Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor 1A (BMPR1A) and α 5 β 1 /α v β 3 integrins [ 21 ]. Little is known about B homeostasis and function in mammalian cells, and only one report describes the possible role of boric acid in muscle differentiation from adipose-derived stem cells [ 22 ]. However, due to the particular chemical properties of B, this metalloid is widely used in medicinal chemistry [ 23 ], and several biomaterial-based approaches use B as an intrinsic component of the biomaterial platforms for diverse applications [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate)/boric acid composite hydrogel as soft contact lens material: Thermal, optical, rheological, and enhanced antibacterial properties

“…When considered from the point of view, these results are consistent with previous results. 51,52 However, as expected, BA slightly decreased cell viability when its concentration reached 5 and 10 wt % in both of 24 and 48 h. When compared to the control, there was statistical significance among groups PHEMA-5%BA and PHEMA-10%BA (****P < 0.001) for 24 h. The result revealed that the PHEMA/BA composite hydrogels (with BA content of 1 and 3 wt %) can exhibit better cell viability, thus they appeared to be a promising material for future in vivo investigation and application.…”