Doppler sonar analysis of swallowing sounds in normal pediatric individuals

Abstract

Among the methods for assessing swallowing sounds -videofluoroscopy modified barium study, fiberoptic swallowing endoscopy, neck auscultation through a microphone, accelerometer and, more recently, the Doppler sonar -we have chosen the latter. Aim: to analyze swallowing sounds by cervical auscultation using Doppler sonar, in a population between 2 and 15 years without oro-pharyngeal dysfunction. Study design: cross-sectional historical cohort. Materials and methods: we investigated 90 individuals in Curitiba (2006Curitiba ( /2007. The population was separated by age into 3 groups: from 2 to 5 years, from 5 to 10 years of age and from 10 to 15 years of age. We obtained the average values for frequency, intensity and swallowing duration for saliva, liquid and pasty foods). Results: objective and measurable data were obtained. Significance related to gender was found in certain age groups and consistencies, under all the studied variables, except swallowing time. Conclusion: neck auscultation using Doppler sonar is a sensitive method to detect swallowing sounds. There was swallowing interference associated with saliva and the other tested food types and with the biological development of the age range being studied. It is an easy to apply method, not expensive and non-invasive.

Relation between acoustic analysis of swallowing and the presence of pharyngeal residue and penetration/aspiration in resistant hypertensive patients with obstructive sleep apnea

“…The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was calculated as the number of events of apneahypopnea by hour of sleep. OSA severity was defined as mild (AHI: [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14], moderate (AHI: 15-30) and severe (AHI >30).…”

“…The disadvantages of VFSS consist of radiation exposure, limited time to perform the exam, need to transport the patient and loss of events between bolus presentations due to equipment shutdown; while FEES is related to white-out period during the pharyngeal phase, as well as the time and expense involved with endoscope decontamination 10 . Research has shown that acoustic analysis of swallowing can be a promising resource for swallowing evaluation, while also painless, non-invasive, absence of radiation exposure, no need for sedation, portable, easy-to-apply and low-cost [11][12][13][14][15] . The detection of swallowing sounds for acoustic analysis may be performed by different instruments, such as microphone, [16][17][18][19] accelerometer [20][21][22] and Doppler sonar, [11][12][13][14][15]23,24 having the last an excellent diagnostic accuracy in discriminating swallowing sounds 25 .…”

Efeito Doppler com tablet e smartphone

“…O efeito Doppler (ED), batizado em homenagem a Christian Doppler [20], e um tema que permite muitas abordagens indo da acústica [21,22] a aplicações no estudo da cosmologia [23,24]. Além disto, possui inúmeras aplicações tecnológicas como em ecocardiogramas, imagens de tecidos biológicos [25,26], radares e sensores [27].…”

Characterization of Swallowing Sounds with the Use of Sonar Doppler in Full-Term and Preterm Newborns

“…These advances include electromyography of the surface, 6 sonograms of swallowing action, 7 swallowing endoscopies, dynamic video fluoroscopy of swallowing, 8 9 virtual endoscopy through a computerized tomography with reconstructive software, 10 cervical auscultation through a microphone and accelerometer, 11 and most recently sonar Doppler. 12 13 14 15…”

“…Studies on the use of sonar Doppler in evaluating swallowing up to now show normal swallowing sound waves in all age groups without pointing to findings referring to swallowing disturbances. 12 13 14 15…”