Dopamine Adaptations as a Common Pathway for Neurocognitive Impairment in Diabetes and Obesity: A Neuropsychological Perspective

Small, Dana M.

doi:10.3389/fnins.2017.00134

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 111 publications

(138 reference statements)

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“…These discrepancies possibly reflect an interaction of obesity with age and/or effects of related comorbidities. Whereas some studies, like ours, had mainly young adult participants, other studies have studied larger age ranges, including youth and/or middle‐aged and elderly participants . Similarly, studies have been more or less restrictive in their exclusion criteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

A Brief Neuropsychological Battery for Measuring Cognitive Functions Associated with Obesity

Dalenberg

2019

Obesity

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Objective Although ample evidence links obesity to cognitive dysfunction, the trajectory of cognitive change, the underlying mechanisms, and the involvement of related factors, such as metabolic disease and diet, remain unclear. To support further investigations of BMI and cognition, this study aimed to create a concise test battery to be used in future trials. Methods Twenty neurocognitive measures were regressed on BMI in the Human Connectome Project Healthy Young Adult S1200 data release by using linear mixed models and by adjusting for major confounders. Measures were then identified by using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis to select tests most strongly associated with BMI. To guide further test selection, the explained variance for each variable was visualized in the final model. Results BMI was negatively associated with seven neurocognitive measures. Variable selection yielded a model that included years of education and, in order of model weight, delay discounting, the relational task, the Penn Progressive Matrices test, the oral reading recognition test, the Variable Short Penn Line Orientation test, and the Penn Word Memory test. Conclusions This research resulted in an approximate 40‐minute test battery for the BMI‐cognition relationship in young adults that can be used in trials investigating the interrelationship between obesity and cognitive performance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

A Brief Neuropsychological Battery for Measuring Cognitive Functions Associated with Obesity

Dalenberg

2019

Obesity

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“…Nevertheless, the nature by which executive deficits are associated with obesity is unclear. Several plausible explanations have been proposed, including inflammation driven factors, changes in brain-derived neurotrophic factor, dopamine dysregulation implicated in hyperphagia, vascular diseases, neuroendocrine changes, and leptin [e.g., (20)(21)(22)]. Each of these factors may independently or collectively contribute to executive deficits in obesity and may influence bariatric surgery outcomes.…”

Section: Executive Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Clinical Obesity Maintenance Model: A Theoretical Framework for Bariatric Psychology

et al. 2020

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Ranked highly in its association with serious medical comorbidities, obesity, a rapidly growing epidemic worldwide, poses a significant socioeconomic burden. While bariatric procedures offer the most efficacious treatment for weight loss, a subset of patients risk weight recidivism. Due to the heterogeneity of obesity, it is likely that there are phenotypes or subgroups of patients that require evidence-based psychological support to produce more sustainable outcomes. So far, however, characteristics of patients have not led to a personalized treatment algorithm for bariatric surgery. Maintenance of weight loss following bariatric surgery requires long-term modification of eating behaviors and physical activity. A recent Clinical Obesity Maintenance Model (COMM) proposed a conceptual framework of salient constructs, including the role of habit, behavioral clusters, emotion dysregulation, mood, health literacy, and executive function as interconnected drivers of obesity maintaining behaviors relevant to the field of bariatric psychology. The primary aim of this concise review is to bring together emerging findings from experimental and epidemiological studies relating to the COMM constructs that may inform the assessment and follow up of bariatric surgery. We also aim to explain the phenotypes that need to be understood and screened prior to bariatric surgery to enable better pre-surgery intervention and optimum post-surgery response.

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“…While there is little doubt that much of these genetic contributions work through mechanisms directly regulating metabolism and energy balance, GWAS studies now highlight the importance of genetic influences on the central nervous system [3] and especially on circuits that support ingestive behavior. Furthermore, it is now recognized that diet induced obesity is associated with neurocognitive impairment [4, 5]. The mechanism behind this association is unknown.…”

Section: From Genome To Ingestive Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

DRD2: Bridging the Genome and Ingestive Behavior

Sun

Luquet

2017

Trends in Cognitive Sciences

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Recent work highlights the importance of genetic variants that influence brain structure and function in conferring risk for polygenic obesity. The neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) plays a pivotal role in energy balance by integrating metabolic signals with circuits supporting cognitive, perceptual and appetitive functions that guide feeding. It has also been established that diet and obesity alter DA signaling leading to compulsive-like feeding and neurocognitive impairments. This raises the possibility that genetic variants that influence DA signaling and adaptation confer risk for overeating and cognitive decline. We consider the role of two common gene variants, FTO and TaqIA rs1800497 in driving gene * environment interactions promoting obesity, metabolic dysfunction, and cognitive change via their influence on dopamine receptor subtype 2 signaling.

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Dopamine Adaptations as a Common Pathway for Neurocognitive Impairment in Diabetes and Obesity: A Neuropsychological Perspective

Cited by 20 publications

References 111 publications

A Brief Neuropsychological Battery for Measuring Cognitive Functions Associated with Obesity

A Brief Neuropsychological Battery for Measuring Cognitive Functions Associated with Obesity

The Clinical Obesity Maintenance Model: A Theoretical Framework for Bariatric Psychology

DRD2: Bridging the Genome and Ingestive Behavior

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