Donor Species Richness Determines Faecal Microbiota Transplantation Success in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Vermeire, Séverine; Joossens, Marie; Verbeke, Kristin; Wang, Jun; Machiels, Kathleen; Sabino, João; Ferrante, Marc; Assche, Gert Van; Rutgeerts, Paul; Raes, Jeroen

doi:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjv203

Cited by 275 publications

(300 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Oscillibacter and Lachnospiracea incertae sedis, which are both genera of the Firmicutes phylum and the Clostridia class, were also reduced by sugar. Oscillibacter is negatively correlated with Crohn disease (65,66) and is implicated as a potential treatment for ulcerative colitis after fecal transfer (67). Lachnospiracea incertae sedis are involved in the fermentation of starches to produce SCFAs (68).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Early-Life Sugar Consumption Affects the Rat Microbiome Independently of Obesity

Noble

Hsu

Jones

et al. 2017

The Journal of Nutrition

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Early-Life Sugar Consumption Affects the Rat Microbiome Independently of Obesity

Noble

Hsu

Jones

et al. 2017

The Journal of Nutrition

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“…The success of FMT in treating RCDI has been demonstrated in several studies, with cure rates exceeding 90% (van Nood et al ., 2013; Kelly et al ., 2016; Lee et al ., 2016). Use of FMT as a therapy for other gastrointestinal disorders such as IBD has been proposed (Vermeire et al ., 2016). To date, safety concerns and acceptability are main constraints of therapeutic uses of FMT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryopreservation of artificial gut microbiota produced with in vitro fermentation technology

Bircher

Schwab

Geirnaert

et al. 2017

Microbial Biotechnology

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SummaryInterest in faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has increased as therapy for intestinal diseases, but safety issues limit its widespread use. Intestinal fermentation technology (IFT) can produce controlled, diverse and metabolically active ‘artificial’ colonic microbiota as potential alternative to common FMT. However, suitable processing technology to store this artificial microbiota is lacking. In this study, we evaluated the impact of the two cryoprotectives, glycerol (15% v/v) and inulin (5% w/v) alone and in combination, in preserving short‐chain fatty acid formation and recovery of major butyrate‐producing bacteria in three artificial microbiota during cryopreservation for 3 months at −80°C. After 24 h anaerobic fermentation of the preserved microbiota, butyrate and propionate production were maintained when glycerol was used as cryoprotectant, while acetate and butyrate were formed more rapidly with glycerol in combination with inulin. Glycerol supported cryopreservation of the Roseburia spp./Eubacterium rectale group, while inulin improved the recovery of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Eubacterium hallii growth was affected minimally by cryopreservation. Our data indicate that butyrate producers, which are key organisms for gut health, can be well preserved with glycerol and inulin during frozen storage. This is of high importance if artificially produced colonic microbiota is considered for therapeutic purposes.

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“…Studies on microbiome have expanded in order to elucidate its role in a great number of other diseases. Fecal microbiota transplantation is a successful therapy for patients with refractory Clostridium difficile infections [15] and it has also been suggested as a treatment option for inflammatory bowel disease, given a role for intestinal microbiota in this disease [16,17] . Vermeire and colleagues assessed the impact of fecal microbiota transplantation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and studied predictors of clinical (non)response in microbial profiles of donors and patients and concluded that fecal microbiota transplantation led to endoscopic and long-term (> 2 years) remission in 2 out of 8 ulcerative colitis patients [16] .…”

Section: Obesity and Gut Epithelium -What Is Already Known?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fecal microbiota transplantation is a successful therapy for patients with refractory Clostridium difficile infections [15] and it has also been suggested as a treatment option for inflammatory bowel disease, given a role for intestinal microbiota in this disease [16,17] . Vermeire and colleagues assessed the impact of fecal microbiota transplantation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and studied predictors of clinical (non)response in microbial profiles of donors and patients and concluded that fecal microbiota transplantation led to endoscopic and long-term (> 2 years) remission in 2 out of 8 ulcerative colitis patients [16] . Many other experimental and clinical studies that have been published in the last years were able to confirm that the composition of the intestinal flora shows differences between lean and obese subjects [18][19][20][21][22] .…”

Section: Obesity and Gut Epithelium -What Is Already Known?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity, Intestinal Gut Barrier and Microbiota: an Emerging Frontier on Energy Metabolism

Kraemer‐Aguiar¹

2016

JGDLF

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Background & Aims:An increasing interest in demonstrating differences between intestinal microbiota of obese and lean individuals has been observed during the last decade. The gut microbiota has been related to a number of metabolic abnormalities that could be associated not only to the pathophysiology of obesity, but also to several other highly prevalent diseases.As researches had shown differences in the prevalence of different bacteria in the gut of these individuals much importance has been given to microbiota composition along intestinal tract. However, few studies have related these findings to changes in the morphological and functional features of the intestinal epithelium.The intestinal barrier is a complex system and its integrity is essential to prevent against the entrance of harmful microorganisms or molecules to enter the bloodstream, such as LPS (bacterial lipopolysaccharide), a well-known trigger of the low grade inflammatory status. Increased intestinal permeability is one of the proposed mechanisms linking the gut microbiota with metabolic dysfunction, but there are few available data to define which one would be the cause or consequence. This review aims to show the current knowledge about the association between intestinal permeability in obesity and alterations in gut microbiota, in order to bring up a new vision of the pathophysiology of obesity and possibly promote future studies to better elucidate it. Methods: Pub Med searches were performed using terms "microbiota", "gut permeability" and "obesity". Articles related to intestinal permeability were selected. Results: Hyperactivation of endogenous cannabinoid system appears to augment gut permeability to LPS which, in turn, seems to enhance chronic inflammation status found in obesity state. Gut microbiota may play an important role in this process, through the regulation of the local immune system and also by regulating the amount of LPS which crosses the gut barrier. Conclusions: Lypopolyssacharide, endocanabinoid system and gut microbiota seem to play an important role in the development of obesity and emerge as a possible target for the treatment of obesity and correlated diseases.

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Donor Species Richness Determines Faecal Microbiota Transplantation Success in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Cited by 275 publications

References 49 publications

Early-Life Sugar Consumption Affects the Rat Microbiome Independently of Obesity

Early-Life Sugar Consumption Affects the Rat Microbiome Independently of Obesity

Cryopreservation of artificial gut microbiota produced with in vitro fermentation technology

Obesity, Intestinal Gut Barrier and Microbiota: an Emerging Frontier on Energy Metabolism

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