Donor cell leukemia in a patient developing 11 months after an allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia

Abstract

A 38-year-old female with chronic myeloid leukemia underwent an allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from her full-matched brother. Eleven months later, she readmitted with an acute leukemia that was shown to be of donor origin. The patient never achieved a remission even after chemotherapies with cytarabine and mitoxantrone, donor lymphocyte infusion, and second allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Donor cell leukemia (DCL) is sometimes misdiagnosed as relapse by clinicians and the real incidence may be higher than expected. Cytogenetic and molecular techniques may be helpful to clarify the issue of the leukemia. The current case is another case of DCL reported in the literature after an allogeneic transplant for a kind of leukemia. Am.

A case of donor-derived granulocytic sarcoma after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

“…Donor cell-origin leukemic recurrence after allo-HSCT has been reported in several cases; however, donor cell-origin GS is extremely rare [12-14]. A report from Italy described a patient who suffered 2 recurrences of GS of patient cell origin and a third recurrence with leukemia mixed with cells of donor origin [13].…”

Donor cell-derived acute lymphocytic leukemia after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma

“…Subsequent to that report, we identified 24 further reported cases, including 14 cases from the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) reported in 2005 [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Of the 52 cases of DCL, 25 were acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 15 were ALL and five were myelodysplasia.…”

Donor-cell MDS in a 12-year-old girl 3 years after allogeneic hematopoietic SCT for MDS, both with a t(3;3)(q21;q26) cytogenetic aberration

“…[5][6][7] Donor cell leukemia/ MDS occurring after transplantation for MDS is exceptionally rare. A literature search revealed only three such cases, two of which had a sibling donor as in our case (Table 1).…”