Dominance of California Annual Grasslands by Brassica nigra

Bell, David T.; Muller, Cornelius H.

doi:10.2307/2424453

Cited by 126 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Thus Pholistoma litter contained water-soluble phytotoxic compounds of significant potency. The toxicity was comparable to or more toxic than other demonstrations of inhibition of these species using the same technique (Chou and Muller, 1972;Tinnin and Muller, 1972;Bell and Muller, 1973). Germination was not inhibited in this experiment, however, while in the field germination is rarely observed in areas covered with litter.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

Allelopathic dominance by a tree-associated herb in a California annual grassland

Parker

Muller

1979

Oecologia

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In some parts of southern California, Pholistoma auritum dominates understory vegetation beneath isolated Quercus agrifolia trees occurring in annual grasslands. Pure stands of P. auritum are maintained in successive years although adjacent to grasses with easily dispersed propagules. Lack of establishment by the grasses in areas covered with previous season's P. auritum litter suggested a germination inhibition mechanism. Laboratory and field tests indicated allelopathic inhibition of grass seedlings by the herb litter. Dominance by an understory species is evaluated in reference to community organization and stability.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

Allelopathic dominance by a tree-associated herb in a California annual grassland

Parker

Muller

1979

Oecologia

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“…Other studies have shown the impacts of GSLcontaining plants on successive plant communities growing in close proximity: for example, Vera et al (31) showed that Brassica herbage reduced the stand establishment of five crop species, more than double what happened with barley (Hordeum vulgare). Brassica plants also inhibited the germination of annual grasses (32). Residues of broccoli (B. oleracea) amended to soil inhibited the germination and growth of lettuce (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Activity of Glucosinolates and Their Degradation Products against Brassica-Pathogenic Bacteria and Fungi

Sotelo

Márquez

Soengas

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

109

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bGlucosinolates (GSLs) are secondary metabolites found in Brassica vegetables that confer on them resistance against pests and diseases. Both GSLs and glucosinolate hydrolysis products (GHPs) have shown positive effects in reducing soil pathogens. Information about their in vitro biocide effects is scarce, but previous studies have shown sinigrin GSLs and their associated allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) to be soil biocides. The objective of this work was to evaluate the biocide effects of 17 GSLs and GHPs and of leaf methanolic extracts of different GSL-enriched Brassica crops on suppressing in vitro growth of two bacterial (Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris and Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola) and two fungal (Alternaria brassicae and Sclerotinia scletoriorum) Brassica pathogens. GSLs, GHPs, and methanolic leaf extracts inhibited the development of the pathogens tested compared to the control, and the effect was dose dependent. Furthermore, the biocide effects of the different compounds studied were dependent on the species and race of the pathogen. These results indicate that GSLs and their GHPs, as well as extracts of different Brassica species, have potential to inhibit pathogen growth and offer new opportunities to study the use of Brassica crops in biofumigation for the control of multiple diseases.T he genus Brassica belongs to the family Brassicaceae (also known as Cruciferae); economically speaking, it is the most important genus within the tribe Brassicaceae, containing 37 different species. Brassica vegetables are of great economic importance throughout the world. Currently, Brassica crops, together with cereals, represent the basis of world food supplies. In 2007, Brassica vegetables were cultivated in more than 142 countries around the world, and they occupied more than 4.1 million ha (1).The productivity and quality of important Brassica crops (e.g., cabbage, oilseed rape, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, kale, and broccoli) are seriously affected by several diseases, which result in substantial economic losses (2). Black rot, caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Pammel), is considered to be one of the most important pathogens affecting Brassica vegetables worldwide (3). There are nine races of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris: races 1 to 6 were described by Vicente et al. (4) and races 7 to 9 by Fargier and Manceau (5). It is recognized that races 1 and 4 are the most virulent and widespread, accounting for most of the black rot recorded around the world (4).Bacterial leaf spot, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola (McCulloch) (6), is very significant on cauliflower but also occurs on broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and other brassicas. P. syringae pv. maculicola may also cause leaf blight on the oilseed species Brassica juncea and Brassica rapa (3).Sclerotinia stem rot, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, is a widespread fungal disease in temperate areas of the world and also occurs in warmer and drier areas during the winter months or the rain...

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“…There are several examples of allelopathy from MFC to weeds. Brassica species have been frequently cited as allelopathic crops (Bell and Muller, 1973). For example, Turk and Tawaha (2003) experimentally demonstrated that a plant extract from Brassica nigra inhibited the germination, seedling length and weight of Avena fatua.…”

Section: Direct Interaction Between Mims and Natural Plantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Massively Introduced Managed Species and Their Consequences for Plant–Pollinator Interactions

Geslin

Gauzens

Baude

et al. 2017

Advances in Ecological Research

153

141

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Dominance of California Annual Grasslands by Brassica nigra

Cited by 126 publications

References 10 publications

Allelopathic dominance by a tree-associated herb in a California annual grassland

Allelopathic dominance by a tree-associated herb in a California annual grassland

In Vitro Activity of Glucosinolates and Their Degradation Products against Brassica-Pathogenic Bacteria and Fungi

Massively Introduced Managed Species and Their Consequences for Plant–Pollinator Interactions

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