“…Appendecto- mies relative to other possible emergency procedures are simpler cases, and their performance may not be affected greatly by fatigue, especially when considering that more complex cases have also not been shown to be affected significantly by fatigue. 7 Although a low-volume institution might be limited in the number of patients treated, perhaps they are better equipped to manage the patient perioperatively, and this factor contributes to the decreased complication rate in our findings. Of note, the largest number of cases was performed between 7:00 AM and 8:00 AM, presumably as first cases, which might indicate that when feasible, many surgeons elect to operate with the full complement of services available during regular-duty hours.…”