Does groundwater influence the sediment fauna beneath a small, sandy stream?

Schmidt, Susanne I.; Hellweg, Julia; Hahn, Hans Jürgen; Hatton, Tom; Humphreys, William F.

doi:10.1016/j.limno.2006.12.002

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…One study indicated a direct correlation between rate of groundwater discharge and abundance and taxonomic richness (Hunt et al, 2006), while another showed little correlation (Schmidt et al, 2007). Few studies have related groundwater discharge with mussel abundance and species richness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of groundwater on distribution of dwarf wedgemussels (<i>Alasmidonta heterodon</i>) in the upper reaches of the Delaware River, northeastern USA

Rosenberry

Briggs

Voytek

et al. 2016

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The remaining populations of the endangered dwarf wedgemussel (DWM) (Alasmidonta heterodon) in the upper Delaware River, northeastern USA, were hypothesized to be located in areas of greater-than-normal groundwater discharge to the river. We combined physical (seepage meters, monitoring wells and piezometers), thermal (fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing, infrared, vertical bed-temperature profiling), and geophysical (electromagnetic-induction) methods at several spatial scales to characterize known DWM habitat and explore this hypothesis. Numerous springs were observed using visible and infrared imaging along the river banks at all three known DWM-populated areas, but not in adjacent areas where DWM were absent. Vertical and lateral groundwater gradients were toward the river along all three DWM-populated reaches, with median upward gradients 3 to 9 times larger than in adjacent reaches. Point-scale seepage-meter measurements indicated that upward seepage across the riverbed was faster and more consistently upward at DWM-populated areas. Discrete and areally distributed riverbed-temperature measurements indicated numerous cold areas of groundwater discharge during warm summer months; all were within areas populated by DWM. Electromagnetic-induction measurements, which may indicate riverbed geology, showed patterning but little correlation between bulk streambed electromagnetic conductivity and areal distribution of DWM. In spite of complexity introduced by hyporheic exchange, multiple lines of research provide strong evidence that DWM are located within or directly downstream of areas of substantial focused groundwater discharge to the river. Broad scale thermal-reconnaissance methods (e.g., infrared) may be useful in locating and protecting other currently unknown mussel populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of groundwater on distribution of dwarf wedgemussels (<i>Alasmidonta heterodon</i>) in the upper reaches of the Delaware River, northeastern USA

Rosenberry

Briggs

Voytek

et al. 2016

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…From upstream to downstream, the gauge stations include USGS 06797500 (near site C), 0679900 (about 27.5 km to upstream site F), 06799100 (about 17 km to downstream site G) and 06799350 (near site H). According to the stream flow data (http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis), during our investigation, the average stream flows from the four gauging stations were 0.89, 15 The number and dates of the tests are summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: Study Area Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Variability of streambed vertical hydraulic conductivity with depth along the Elkhorn River, Nebraska, USA

et al. 2010

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Determination of streambed hydraulic conductivity is of great importance in the analysis of stream-aquifer interactions and stream ecosystems. In this paper, in situ falling-head standpipe permeameter tests were conducted to determine streambed vertical hydraulic conductivity (K v ) of two connected layers of sediments at 60 test locations from eight sites in the Elkhorn River, Nebraska. Our results show that the K v values for the upper layer of sediments are generally larger than those in their respective lower layer of sediments. The individual K v value for the upper layer of sediments from all test locations of the eight sites range from 2.7 to 104.9 m/d, and the average value is 26.6 m/d. The individual K v value ranges from 0.4 to 73.4 m/d and the average value is 16.1 m/d for the lower layer of sediments. We believe that hyporheic processes can enhance larger streambed K v in the upper layer of sediments. Inflow and outflow through hyporheic zone produce more porous and permeable sediments and further result in an increasing of streambed K v . Moreover, we observe that bioturbation activities can destroy the clogging layer of the exposed sediments and create pore spaces in the sediments, which also further increases streambed K v . streambed vertical hydraulic conductivity, permeameter test, depth of streambed sediment, hyporheic processes, bioturbation Citation: Song J X, Chen X H, Cheng C, et al. Variability of streambed vertical hydraulic conductivity with depth along the Elkhorn River, Nebraska, USA. Chinese Sci Bull, 2010, 55: 992−999,

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“…However, evidence shows that hyporheic exchange connects surface water and groundwater in rivers [5][6][7][8][9]. Therefore, the clogged layer may be destroyed with spatial and temporal variations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of bioturbation and hyporheic flux in streambeds

Song

Chen

Cheng

2010

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. China

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In the Elkhorn River, burrows, tubes, and sediment mounds created by invertebrate bioturbation were observed in the exposed streambed and commonly concentrated on the fine-sediment patches, which consist of silt, clay, and organic matter. These invertebrate activities could loosen the thin layer of clogging sediments and result in an increase of pore size in the sediments, leading to greater vertical hydraulic conductivity of the streambed (K v ). The measurements of the vertical hydraulic gradient across the submerged streambed show that vertical flux in the hyporheic zone can alter directions (upward versus downward) for two locations only a few meters apart. In situ permeameter tests show that streambed K v in the upper sediment layer is much higher than that in the lower sediment layer, and the calculated K v in the submerged streambed is consistently greater than that in the clogged sediments around the shorelines of the sand bars. Moreover, a phenomenon of gas bubble release at the water-sediment interface from the subsurface sediments was observed in the groundwater seepage zone where flow velocity is extremely small. The bursting of gas bubbles can potentially break the thin clogging layer of sediments and enhance the vertical hydraulic conductivity of the streambed.

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Does groundwater influence the sediment fauna beneath a small, sandy stream?

Cited by 18 publications

References 64 publications

Influence of groundwater on distribution of dwarf wedgemussels (<i>Alasmidonta heterodon</i>) in the upper reaches of the Delaware River, northeastern USA

Influence of groundwater on distribution of dwarf wedgemussels (<i>Alasmidonta heterodon</i>) in the upper reaches of the Delaware River, northeastern USA

Variability of streambed vertical hydraulic conductivity with depth along the Elkhorn River, Nebraska, USA

Observation of bioturbation and hyporheic flux in streambeds

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Does groundwater influence the sediment fauna beneath a small, sandy stream?

Cited by 18 publications

References 64 publications

Influence of groundwater on distribution of dwarf wedgemussels (&lt;i&gt;Alasmidonta heterodon&lt;/i&gt;) in the upper reaches of the Delaware River, northeastern USA

Influence of groundwater on distribution of dwarf wedgemussels (&lt;i&gt;Alasmidonta heterodon&lt;/i&gt;) in the upper reaches of the Delaware River, northeastern USA

Variability of streambed vertical hydraulic conductivity with depth along the Elkhorn River, Nebraska, USA

Observation of bioturbation and hyporheic flux in streambeds

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Influence of groundwater on distribution of dwarf wedgemussels (<i>Alasmidonta heterodon</i>) in the upper reaches of the Delaware River, northeastern USA

Influence of groundwater on distribution of dwarf wedgemussels (<i>Alasmidonta heterodon</i>) in the upper reaches of the Delaware River, northeastern USA