Does BCG vaccination protect against childhood asthma? Final results from the Manchester Community Asthma Study retrospective cohort study and updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Linehan, Mary; Nurmatov, Ulugbek; Frank, Timothy L; Niven, Robert; Baxter, David; Sheikh, Aziz

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2013.08.007

Cited by 56 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…There are several elements that have been identified. First, there was the possible protective role of BCG immunization; however, after the first report several studies did not confirm the effect 81, 82 . In addition, there was evidence that the increase in asthma prevalence did not look significantly different in countries where BCG vaccination was routine, (e.g., Brazil or Ireland) compared to those such as the United States where BCG was never adopted.…”

Section: The Epidemic Rise Of Asthma Among Children: 1960–2000 [Table 3]mentioning

confidence: 99%

The allergy epidemics: 1870-2010

Platts-Mills

2015

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

377

283

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Prior to the first description of hay fever in 1870 there was very little awareness of allergic disease, which is actually similar to the situation in pre-hygiene villages in Africa today. The best explanation for the appearance and subsequent increase in hay fever at that time is the combination of hygiene and increased pollen secondary to changes in agriculture. However, it is important to remember that the major changes in hygiene in Northern Europe and the USA were complete by 1920. Asthma in children did not start to increase until 1960, but by 1990 it had clearly increased to epidemic numbers in all countries where children had adopted an indoor lifestyle. There are many features of the move indoors that could have played a role; these include: increased sensitization to indoor allergens, diet, and decreased physical activity as well as the effects of prolonged periods of shallow breathing. Since 1990 there has been a remarkable increase in food allergy which has now reached epidemic numbers. Peanut has played a major role in the food epidemic and there is increasing evidence that sensitization to peanut can occur through the skin. This suggests the possibility that changes in lifestyle in the last 20 years could have influenced the permeability of the skin. Overall, the important conclusion is that sequential changes in lifestyle have led to increases in different forms of allergic diseases. Equally it is clear that the consequences of hygiene, indoor entertainment, changes in diet or in physical activity have never been predicted.

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Section: The Epidemic Rise Of Asthma Among Children: 1960–2000 [Table 3]mentioning

confidence: 99%

The allergy epidemics: 1870-2010

Platts-Mills

2015

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

377

283

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“…Reports from the Manchester Community Asthma Study indicated that any protective effect of BCG vaccination on childhood asthma is likely to be transient. 23 However, other investigators found younger gestational age at birth and higher infant weight gain were associated with childhood asthma outcomes. 24 Another group reported that prematurity is strongly associated with atopic asthma in Puerto Rican children and that perhaps prematurity might explain, in part, the high prevalence of atopic asthma in this ethnic group.…”

Section: Prediction Toolsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Advances in pediatric asthma in 2014: Moving toward a population health perspective

Szefler¹

2015

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

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“…Sur la base des résul-tats d'une étude ayant porté sur plus de 1600 enfants anglais non sélectionnés, suivis de la naissance jusqu'à l'âge de 17 ans, Linehan et al effectuent une revue systématique et une méta-analyse des diverses études publiées à ce sujet, permettant de conclure que la vaccination (néonatale notamment) par le BCG n'est associée à aucune réduction ni augmentation significative des risques ultérieurs d'asthme, de sensibilisation allergénique ni d'allergie (DA, rhinoconjonctivite, etc.) [5].…”

Section: éPidémiologie Générale Diagnostic (Précoce) Traitementunclassified

Quoi de neuf en allergologie pédiatrique en 2014 ? Épidémiologie générale, diagnostic (précoce), traitement, anaphylaxie, allergie alimentaire, médicamenteuse et aux venins et salives d’insectes (une revue de la littérature internationale 2014)

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2015

Revue Française d'Allergologie

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Does BCG vaccination protect against childhood asthma? Final results from the Manchester Community Asthma Study retrospective cohort study and updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 56 publications

References 33 publications

The allergy epidemics: 1870-2010

The allergy epidemics: 1870-2010

Advances in pediatric asthma in 2014: Moving toward a population health perspective

Quoi de neuf en allergologie pédiatrique en 2014 ? Épidémiologie générale, diagnostic (précoce), traitement, anaphylaxie, allergie alimentaire, médicamenteuse et aux venins et salives d’insectes (une revue de la littérature internationale 2014)

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