Do the importations of crop products affect the genetic diversity from landraces? A study case in garlic (Allium sativum L.)

Viana, João Paulo Gomes; Pires, Carolline de Jesús; Bajay, Miklos Maximiliano; Valente, Sérgio Emílio dos Santos; Pinheiro, José Baldin; Zucchi, Maria Imaculada; Lopes, Ângela Célis de Almeida; Gomes, Regina Lúcia Ferreira

doi:10.1007/s10722-020-01060-w

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In the present study, we did not find any association between genetic clustering and the geographical origin/collection site of the garlic accessions. The same has also been reported by Garcia-Lampasona et al [37,70], Volk et al [16], Morales et al [71], and Barboza et al [31], whereas other studies reported a moderate level of correlation between genetic clustering based on SSR markers and geographical origin [35,45,67,72]. This lack of correlation may be due to various factors, such as the exchange of genetic materials without keeping track of their geographical origin information, the introduction of cultivars with the same origin to various regions using different names, the accumulation of different somatic mutations due to different selective pressures when the same clone is cultivated for a long time in different environments, etc.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Evaluation of the Genetic Diversity of Greek Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Accessions Using DNA Markers and Association with Phenotypic and Chemical Variation

et al. 2023

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The genetic diversity of 27 garlic accessions (local varieties/landraces) was investigated using five simple sequence repeat (SSR) and six inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. The SSR genotyping revealed 26 different alleles, while 84 polymorphic bands were produced using the ISSR markers. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.471 and 0.465 for the SSR and the ISSR markers, respectively. Compared to ISSRs, SSR markers revealed a higher level of redundancy, indicating potential duplicates among the accessions. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) based on both marker systems showed that most of the molecular diversity was attributable to differences within accessions, rather than among them. UPGMA, STRUCTURE, and Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) based on the SSRs produced similar clustering results, although not in agreement with those produced by the ISSR markers. Fisher’s exact tests and multinomial logistic regression analyses identified significant associations between the chemical compounds, the morphological traits of the bulb, and specific SSR and ISSR loci. Our results provide a molecular basis for understanding the genetic diversity of Greek garlic landraces, which could be useful for the conservation and sustainable management of this crop. Potential markers fostering the selection of genotypes in garlic breeding have also been revealed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Evaluation of the Genetic Diversity of Greek Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Accessions Using DNA Markers and Association with Phenotypic and Chemical Variation

et al. 2023

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“…Declines in the harvested area (e.g. Sharaf Uddin et al ., 2005; Rice, 2007; Gomes Viana et al ., 2020), or number of farmers/families (Teklu & Hammer, 2006; McLean‐Rodríguez et al ., 2019; Mulualem et al ., 2020) or villages (Olodo et al ., 2020) cultivating specific landraces within a given area were also documented. The few studies assessing change in traditional knowledge related to crop diversity generally also indicated loss (Brush & Stabinsky, 1996; Benz et al ., 2000; Brush, 2004; Keller et al ., 2005).…”

Section: Evidence For and Drivers Of Changes In Crop Diversity Over Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Major changes in labor availability and other demographic shifts have led to losses for landraces with intensive labor requirements (Zimmerer, 1991, 1992; Negri, 2003). Demand and market changes have resulted in reductions in the cultivation areas of specific landraces (Rice, 2007; Gomes Viana et al ., 2020). Periods of instability, whether civil strife (Sperling, 2001) or environmental change (Shewayrga et al ., 2008), have led to rapid losses, although not in all cases (van Etten, 2006).…”

Section: Evidence For and Drivers Of Changes In Crop Diversity Over Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Crop genetic erosion: understanding and responding to loss of crop diversity

et al. 2021

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“…Nowadays there is an increasing interest in the recovery of some of these garlic landraces because of their sensory profile or sentimental reasons (Ruiz-Aceituno and Laźaro, 2021). However, this species is suffering a rapid genetic erosion because of the replacement of local landraces by modern varieties (Kamenetsky et al, 2007;Gomes Viana et al, 2021). In Spain, garlic has had an important history of cultivation and a wide genetic diversity can be found in ex situ germplasm collections (Egea et al, 2017), while much less is found cultivated in situ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic diversity and distinctiveness of the Belltall garlic landrace

et al. 2023

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Among the Mediterranean horticultural landraces, garlic is one of the crops most threatened by genetic erosion. Due to its sexual sterility and to the incidence of seed-borne diseases, historical varieties have been widely replaced by commercial cultivars. In Catalonia, despite the historical relevance of the crop, solely the Belltall garlic landrace is cultivated for commercial purposes. To assess the genotypic and phenotypic diversity within the Belltall garlic, we evaluated sixteen local accessions and five recognized traditional and modern varieties as controls. Genetic analysis with SSR and InDel markers showed low genetic diversity within the Belltall population, grouping modern and traditional varieties separately. Farmers and consumers were involved in the definition of the landrace ideotype and classified the materials by means of projective mapping. Scant phenotypic diversity was found within the Belltall landrace, which is characterized by its color profile and the small size of bulb and cloves. The Belltall landrace grown outside its area of origin lost the distinctive quality signals that differentiate the landrace from the commercial cultivars (clove appearance), indicating that the high quality of the landrace is under genotype-by-environment effects (i.e. local adaptation). Moreover, the size of the Belltall sowing clove had a strong effect on the harvested bulb size. Our research represents a case study for the description of the variability within garlic landraces and an approach to quantify the phenomenon of local adaptation that currently drives their conservation.

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Do the importations of crop products affect the genetic diversity from landraces? A study case in garlic (Allium sativum L.)

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

Evaluation of the Genetic Diversity of Greek Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Accessions Using DNA Markers and Association with Phenotypic and Chemical Variation

Evaluation of the Genetic Diversity of Greek Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Accessions Using DNA Markers and Association with Phenotypic and Chemical Variation

Crop genetic erosion: understanding and responding to loss of crop diversity

Phenotypic diversity and distinctiveness of the Belltall garlic landrace

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