Do shifting forest limits in south-west Norway keep up with climate change?

Rannow, Sven

doi:10.1080/02827581.2013.793776

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…The rock ptarmigan is probably not exceptional in that regard, and any species living above the tree line within a fragmented system are likely to experience similar consequences of isolation. Alpine species are also particularly vulnerable to climate change, in which an upward shift of the tree line is predicted, and also observed, to occur (Harsch, Hulme, McGlone, & Duncan, ; Kullman & Öberg, ; Rannow, ). This could eventually reduce the amount of available habitat and subsequently increase fragmentation (Chamberlain et al, ), enhancing the negative effects of isolation and small population size.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Island biogeography theory explains the genetic diversity of a fragmented rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta) population

Costanzi

Steifetten

2019

Ecology and Evolution

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The island biogeography theory is one of the major theories in ecology, and its applicability to natural systems is well documented. The core model of the theory, the equilibrium model of island biogeography, predicts that species diversity on an island is positively related to the size of the island, but negatively related by the island's distance to the mainland. In recent years, ecologists have begun to apply this model when investigating genetic diversity, arguing that genetic and species diversity might be influenced by similar ecological processes. However, most studies have focused on oceanic islands, but knowledge on how the theory applies to islands located on the mainland (e.g., mountain islands, forest islands) is scarce. In this study, we examined how the size and degree of isolation of mountain islands would affect the genetic diversity of an alpine bird, the rock ptarmigan ( Lagopus muta ). Within our study area, we defined the largest contiguous mountain area as the mainland, while smaller mountains surrounding the mainland were defined as islands. We found that the observed heterozygosity ( H o ) was significantly higher, and the inbreeding coefficient ( F is ) significantly lower, on the mainland compared to islands. There was a positive significant relationship between the unbiased expected heterozygosity ( H n.b. ) and island size (log km 2 ), but a negative significant relationship between H o and the cost distance to the mainland. Our results are consistent with the equilibrium model of island biogeography and show that the model is well suited for investigating genetic diversity among islands, but also on islands located on the mainland.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Island biogeography theory explains the genetic diversity of a fragmented rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta) population

Costanzi

Steifetten

2019

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Recent forest cover data collected across both tropical and alpine indicator species highlighted population shifts in response to environmental variability (Rannow 2013, Juday et al 2015. Aided by analyses of temperature and precipitation gradients, tropical plant researchers in Hawai'i have also noted subtle shifts in the range of native Hawaiian plant species in response to climate change (Krushelnycky et al 2013) but this work did not extend to forest tree species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable isotope ratios and reforestation potential in Acacia koa populations on Hawai’i

Lawson

Pike

2017

Ann. For. Res.

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Lawson S. S., Pike C. C. 2017. Stable isotope ratios and reforestation potential in Acacia koa populations on Hawai'i. Ann. For. Res. 60(2): 279-295.Abstract. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes can be influenced by a multitude of factors including elevation, precipitation rate, season, and temperature. This work examined variability in foliar stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope ratios of koa (Acacia koa) across 17 sites on Hawai'i Island, delineated by elevation and precipitation gradients. Sites were identified and grouped with respect to mean annual precipitation (MAP), mean annual temperature (MAT) and position along three elevation transects. Analysis of resultant δ13C and δ15N isotope ratios from multiple individuals across ecoregions indicated certain regions exhibited a correlation between carbon and/or nitrogen content, isotope ratios, precipitation, and elevation however, many comparisons showed no correlation. We used publicly available temperature and moisture data to help eliminate confounding effects by climatic drivers and capture possible points of contention. At sites where the temperature, precipitation, and elevation data were not significantly different, we compared stable isotope information to determine if additional variables might have contributed to a lack of definitive data. Our results identified several areas within the Waiakea Forest Reserve and Volcanoes National Park where, based on isotope analyses, reforestation efforts could be most successfully initiated.

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“…A general agreement exists that the TFLs of Norway are moving upwards (e.g. Rannow 2013) and northwards (e.g. Hofgaard et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

20th century Betula pubescens subsp. czerepanovii tree- and forest lines in Norway

Bryn¹,

Potthoff²

2017

BDJ

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BackgroundGeoreferenced tree- and forest line data has a wide range of applications and are increasingly used for e.g. monitoring of climate change impacts and range shift modelling. As part of a research project, registrations of previously re-mapped tree- and forest lines have been georeferenced. The data described in this paper contains 100 re-mapped registrations of Betula pubescens subsp. czerepanovii throughout Norway. All of the re-mapped tree- and forest line localities are georeferenced, elevation and aspect are given, elevational and spatial uncertainty are provided, and the re-mapping methods are explained. The published data weremapped for the first time between 1819 and 1963. The same sites were re-mapped between 1928 and 1996, but have until now been missing spatial coordinates. The entries contain 40 x 2 tree lines and 60 x 2 forest lines, most likely presenting the regionally highest registered tree- and forest lines at the given time. The entire material is stored and available for download through the GBIF server.New informationPreviously, the entries have been published in journals or reports, partly in Norwegian or German only. Without the provision of the spatial coordinates, the specific locations have been unknown. The material is now available for modelling and monitoring of tree- and forest line range shifts: The recordings are useful for interpretation of climate change impacts on tree- and forest lines, and the locations of re-mapped tree- and forest lines can be implemented in future monitoring projects. Since the recordings most likely provide the highest registered Betula pubescens subsp. czerepanovii locations within their specific regions, they are probably representing the contemporary physiognomic range limits.

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Do shifting forest limits in south-west Norway keep up with climate change?

Cited by 23 publications

References 44 publications

Island biogeography theory explains the genetic diversity of a fragmented rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta) population

Island biogeography theory explains the genetic diversity of a fragmented rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta) population

Stable isotope ratios and reforestation potential in Acacia koa populations on Hawai’i

20th century Betula pubescens subsp. czerepanovii tree- and forest lines in Norway

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