DNA single- and double-strand breaks by alkaline- and immuno-comet assay in lymphocytes of workers exposed to styrene

Fracasso, Maria Enrica; Doria, Denise; Carrieri, Mariella; Bartolucci, Giovanni Battista; Quintavalle, S; Rosa, Edoardo De

doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.11.010

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In the comet assay, cells were processed in alkali conditions and underwent submarine electrophoresis (Faccioni et al 2003; Fracasso et al 2009). Ethidium bromide–stained DNA samples were inspected under a fluorescence microscope, and genotoxic damage was quantified using a software-based analysis of electronic images (Comet Assay II; Perceptive Instruments, Bury St. Edmunds, UK).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outdoor Formaldehyde and NO ₂ Exposures and Markers of Genotoxicity in Children Living Near Chipboard Industries

Marcon

Fracasso

Marchetti

et al. 2014

Environ Health Perspect

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Background: Industrial air pollution is a public health hazard. Previous evidence documented increased respiratory symptoms and hospitalizations in children who live near the factories in the largest chipboard manufacturing district in Italy (Viadana).Objectives: We evaluated the association of outdoor exposure to formaldehyde and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) with markers of early genotoxic damage in oral mucosa cells of randomly selected children (6–12 years of age) living in Viadana.Methods: In 2010–2011, DNA strand breaks and nuclear abnormalities were evaluated in exfoliated buccal cells by the comet and micronucleus assays, respectively, and formaldehyde and NO2 were monitored by passive sampling. Annual exposure estimates to pollutants were assigned to children’s houses by spatial interpolation.Results: Of 656 children, 413 (63%) participated. Children living near (< 2 km) the chipboard industries had the highest average exposure to formaldehyde and NO2 (p < 0.001). A 1-SD increase in formaldehyde (0.20 μg/m3) was associated with a 0.13% (95% CI: 0.03, 0.22%) higher comet tail intensity, a 0.007 (95% CI: 0.001, 0.012) higher tail moment, and a 12% relative increase [relative risk (RR) = 1.12; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.23] in nuclear buds. A 1-SD NO2 increase (2.13 μg/m3) was associated with a 0.13% (95% CI: 0.07, 0.19%) increase in binucleated cells and a 16% relative increase (RR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.26) in nuclear buds.Conclusions: Exposure to pollutants was associated with markers of genotoxicity in exfoliated buccal cells of children living in a region with chipboard industries. These findings, combined with previously reported associations between chipboard industrial activities and respiratory outcomes in children, add to concerns about potential adverse effects of industry-related exposures in the Viadana district.Citation: Marcon A, Fracasso ME, Marchetti P, Doria D, Girardi P, Guarda L, Pesce G, Pironi V, Ricci P, de Marco R. 2014. Outdoor formaldehyde and NO2 exposures and markers of genotoxicity in children living near chipboard industries. Environ Health Perspect 122:639–645; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307259

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outdoor Formaldehyde and NO ₂ Exposures and Markers of Genotoxicity in Children Living Near Chipboard Industries

Marcon

Fracasso

Marchetti

et al. 2014

Environ Health Perspect

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“…To assess early cancerogenetic effects, various genotoxic markers of DNA alterations (Perera 1987;Marzin 1999;Perera et al 1992) have been used in molecular epidemiological studies of human populations exposed to industrial toxicants. Comet assay or single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE), is a rapid, simple, and sensitive technique for measuring and analyzing DNA breakage in individual cells (Tice et al 2000) and has found numerous applications in genetic toxicology, environmental biomonitoring and clinical investigations (Kumaravel and Jha 2006;Fracassoa et al 2009). It is being extensively used in studies involving genotoxicity of various chemicals, DNA damage repair and human biomonitoring (Bajpayee et al 2002;Lam et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the genetic alterations in direct and indirect exposures of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] in leather tanning industry workers North Arcot District, South India

Vellingiri

Meyyazhagan

Devi

et al. 2010

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

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In conclusion, this work shows a clear genotoxic effect associated with chromium exposure, both directly and indirectly. Our result reinforces the higher sensitivity of cytogenetic assays for the biomonitoring of occupationally exposed populations. There is a strong need to educate those who work with potentially hazardous heavy about its adverse effects and highlight the importance of using protective measures.

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“…In vitro studies with human lymphocytes have demonstrated SO ability to form DNA adducts and to cause single-strand breaks and cytogenetic alterations in a dose-related manner [60,61]. In human biomonitoring studies exposure markers of styrene were found to correlate with lymphocyte cytogenetic alterations and DNA strand-breakage measured by comet assay [15,28,62].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay in human populations exposed to styrene: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Costa

Ceppi

Costa

et al. 2016

Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research

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Styrene is a building-block of several compounds used in a wide array of materials and products. The most important human exposure to this substance occurs in industrial settings, especially among reinforced-plastics industry workers. The effect of occupational exposure to styrene on cytogenetics biomarkers has been previously reviewed with positive association observed for chromosomal aberrations, and inconclusive data for the micronucleus assay. Some limitations were noted in those studies, including inadequate exposure assessment and poor epidemiological design. Furthermore, in earlier studies micronuclei frequency was measured with protocols not as reliable as cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay. Aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate genomic instability and DNA damage as measured by the CBMN assay in lymphocytes of subjects exposed to styrene. A total of 11 studies published between 2004 and 2012 were included in the meta-analysis encompassing 479 styrene-exposed workers and 510 controls. The quality of each study was estimated by a quality scoring system which ranked studies according to the consideration of major confounders, exposure characterization, and technical parameters. An overall increase of micronuclei frequencies was found in styrene-exposure workers when compared to referents (meta-MR 1.34; 95% CI 1.18-1.52), with significant increases achieved in six individual studies. The consistency of results in individual studies, the independence of this result from major confounding factors and from the quality of the study strengthens the reliability of risk estimates and supports the use of the CBMN assay in monitoring genetic risk in styrene workers.

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DNA single- and double-strand breaks by alkaline- and immuno-comet assay in lymphocytes of workers exposed to styrene

Cited by 33 publications

References 33 publications

Outdoor Formaldehyde and NO ₂ Exposures and Markers of Genotoxicity in Children Living Near Chipboard Industries

Outdoor Formaldehyde and NO ₂ Exposures and Markers of Genotoxicity in Children Living Near Chipboard Industries

Evaluation of the genetic alterations in direct and indirect exposures of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] in leather tanning industry workers North Arcot District, South India

The cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay in human populations exposed to styrene: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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DNA single- and double-strand breaks by alkaline- and immuno-comet assay in lymphocytes of workers exposed to styrene

Cited by 33 publications

References 33 publications

Outdoor Formaldehyde and NO 2 Exposures and Markers of Genotoxicity in Children Living Near Chipboard Industries

Outdoor Formaldehyde and NO 2 Exposures and Markers of Genotoxicity in Children Living Near Chipboard Industries

Evaluation of the genetic alterations in direct and indirect exposures of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] in leather tanning industry workers North Arcot District, South India

The cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay in human populations exposed to styrene: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Outdoor Formaldehyde and NO ₂ Exposures and Markers of Genotoxicity in Children Living Near Chipboard Industries

Outdoor Formaldehyde and NO ₂ Exposures and Markers of Genotoxicity in Children Living Near Chipboard Industries