DIVERSIFICATION OF ASCLEPIADOIDEAE (APOCYNACEAE) IN THE NEW WORLD<sup>1</sup>

Rapini, Alessandro; Berg, Cássio van den; Liede‐Schumann, Sigrid

doi:10.3417/0026-6493(2007)94[407:doaait]2.0.co;2

Cited by 80 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Advances International Journal of Biodiversity in Apocynaceae systematics is incorporated into an updated classification at the tribal and subtribal levels [44], but many genera are not monophyletic (e.g., [62,63]) or still need a thorough phylogenetic investigation [47]. So far, dated phylogenies in Apocynaceae focused only on less inclusive groups, such as Asclepiadoideae [64], Tylophorinae [65], and Minaria [66], and used trnL intron and trnL-F intergenic space (trnL-F) for the Apocynaceae big picture. Therefore, this is the first Apocynaceae dated phylogeny using matK.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical Refuges with Exceptionally High Phylogenetic Diversity Reveal Contrasting Phylogenetic Structures

Pugliesi

Rapini

2015

International Journal of Biodiversity

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Loss of phylogenetic diversity (PD) has gained increasing attention in conservation biology. However, PD is not equally distributed in a phylogeny and can be better assessed when species relatedness (phylogenetic structure: PS) is also considered. Here, we investigate PD and PS in two refuges of biodiversity in northeastern Brazil: the Bahia Costal Forest (BCF) in the Atlantic Forest domain and Chapada Diamantina (CD) in the Caatinga domain. We used geographic data of 205 species at two spatial scales and a chronogram of Apocynaceae based on matK sequences to estimate PD and PS. Our results show an exceptionally high PD in both refuges, overdispersed in BCF and clustered in CD, although this difference is less evident or absent for recent relationships, especially at a smaller spatial scale. Overall, PS suggests long-term competitive exclusion under climatic stability, currently balanced by habitat filtering, in BCF, and biome conservatism and limited dispersal leading to in situ diversification and high density of microendemics in CD. The phylogenetically clustered flora in CD, also threatened by climate changes, are naturally more vulnerable than BCF. Therefore, while in situ conservation may ensure protection of biodiversity in BCF, emergency ex situ conservation is strongly recommended in CD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical Refuges with Exceptionally High Phylogenetic Diversity Reveal Contrasting Phylogenetic Structures

Pugliesi

Rapini

2015

International Journal of Biodiversity

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“…Although the answer to this question is far from certain, the rarity of wind-dispersed disseminules in this Maastrichtian Guaduas flora could suggest a Paleocene proliferation. Similarly, age-calibrated phylogenies and biogeographic analyses of living and predominantly wind-dispersed Neotropical genera in Apocynaceae, Bignoniaceae, and Orchidaceae suggest Paleocene-Eocene radiations (Ramírez et al 2007, Rapini et al 2007, Lohmann et al 2013, Olmstead 2013. Eriksson & Kainulainen (2011) proposed that the evolution of "dust seeds" in extant rainforests was correlated to the development of the canopy in Paleocene rainforests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleocene wind-dispersed fruits and seeds from Colombia and their implications for early Neotropical rainforests

Herrera

Manchester

Carvalho

et al. 2014

Acta Palaeobotanica

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ABSTRACT. Extant Neotropical rainforests are well known for their remarkable diversity of fruit and seed types. Biotic agents disperse most of these disseminules, whereas wind dispersal is less common. Although wind-dispersed fruits and seeds are greatly overshadowed in closed rainforests, many important families in the Neotropics (e.g., Bignoniaceae, Fabaceae, Malvaceae, Orchidaceae, Sapindaceae) show numerous morphological adaptations for anemochory (i.e. wings, accessory hairs). Most of these living groups have high to moderate levels of plant diversity in the upper levels of the canopy. Little is known about the fossil record of wind-dispersed fruits and seeds in the Neotropics. Six new species of disseminules with varied adaptations for wind dispersal are documented here. These fossils, representing extinct genera of Ulmaceae, Malvaceae, and some uncertain families, indicate that wind-dispersed fruit and seed syndromes were already common in the Neotropics by the Paleocene, coinciding with the early development of multistratal rainforests. Although the major families known to include most of the wind-dispersed disseminules in extant rainforests are still missing from the Paleogene fossil record of South and Central America, the new fossils imply that anemochory was a relatively important product and/or mechanism of plant evolution and diversification in early Neotropical rainforests.

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“…Milkweeds are in the family Apocynaceae (dogbane family), subfamily Asclepiadoideae (Rapini et al 2007). Milkweeds used by monarchs are in the tribe Asclepiadeae, subtribe Asclepiadinae (Nazar et al 2013).…”

Section: Habitatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monarch Butterflies Use Regenerating Milkweeds for Reproduction in Mowed Hayfields in Northern Virginia

Alcock¹,

Brower

Williams

2016

Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society

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DIVERSIFICATION OF ASCLEPIADOIDEAE (APOCYNACEAE) IN THE NEW WORLD¹

Cited by 80 publications

References 38 publications

Tropical Refuges with Exceptionally High Phylogenetic Diversity Reveal Contrasting Phylogenetic Structures

Tropical Refuges with Exceptionally High Phylogenetic Diversity Reveal Contrasting Phylogenetic Structures

Paleocene wind-dispersed fruits and seeds from Colombia and their implications for early Neotropical rainforests

Monarch Butterflies Use Regenerating Milkweeds for Reproduction in Mowed Hayfields in Northern Virginia

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DIVERSIFICATION OF ASCLEPIADOIDEAE (APOCYNACEAE) IN THE NEW WORLD1

Cited by 80 publications

References 38 publications

Tropical Refuges with Exceptionally High Phylogenetic Diversity Reveal Contrasting Phylogenetic Structures

Tropical Refuges with Exceptionally High Phylogenetic Diversity Reveal Contrasting Phylogenetic Structures

Paleocene wind-dispersed fruits and seeds from Colombia and their implications for early Neotropical rainforests

Monarch Butterflies Use Regenerating Milkweeds for Reproduction in Mowed Hayfields in Northern Virginia

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DIVERSIFICATION OF ASCLEPIADOIDEAE (APOCYNACEAE) IN THE NEW WORLD¹